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Sunday, 30 September 2007

American Express Credit Cards

Also known as AMEX, American Express is easily one of the most recognized names in the world of credit cards. Even though many people have Visa or MasterCard credit cards, they are still interested in AMEX. With Visa, MasterCard, and AMEX being the most popular and preferred types of credit cards, they are all great although there are also differences between them as well.

Both Visa and MasterCard are methods of payment. Both will allow different businesses to accept credit card payments using their systems. Neither of the two issue credit cards on their own behalf, instead they rely on banks throughout the world to issue the credit cards for them, provide the credit, and then charge the interest. Your credit card bill goes to the bank, as Visa or MasterCard doesn’t see any of it.

AMEX on the other hand, is very different. American Express has their own payment system, and they also issue their credit cards directly to consumers. Unlike Visa and MasterCard, AMEX runs the entire show. Therefore, when a credit card says American Express on it, you instantly know who has issued the card, what payment system it has, and everything else you would need to know.

Even though MasterCard and Visa are used more throughout the world, American Express is always expanding their networks. Visa and MasterCard are used in over twenty five million locations over the world, including third world countries, which makes them global credit card payments. AMEX on the other hand, doesn’t quite reach this degree. It is a great credit card, although it isn’t used around the world in areas where the other 2 dominant credit cards are.

You can get AMEX credit cards with rewards, although you’ll need to be careful where you look and what you select. Normally, with Visa and MasterCard, you’ll have to look at hundreds of banks before you can find the best choice. With AMEX, you can look at their website and find out what they offer and what type of APR you’ll have to pay. Most of the time, you can find a credit card with low interest and a great spending limit - providing you have good credit.

AMEX also has several advantages that it offers customers in North America and Europe. The credit card is accepted widely in both areas, offering you credit cards with great features and very attractive looks. AMEX offers you great rates, good rewards, and excellent customer service as well.

American Express also offers you Blue, which is a newly introduced credit card that offers you increased security, no annual fee, and 0% APR for the first year or so. Depending on your credit, you may be able to get an extended period with no interest. After that time has expired, you pay low fees, which makes it a great credit card for anyone looking for a deal. Blue is the newest card from AMEX, and will rapidly become one of the best - due to it’s amazing features.

In the world of credit cards, American Express is one of the best. They offer you a variety of different credit cards, designed to meet just about everyone’s needs. You find them online or through a local provider, although online is the preferred way to go. Simply fill out your application, and if you have good credit, you’ll be approved. Before you know it, you’ll have a credit card from AMEX - and be ready to experience life in the fast lane.

Rebates – Reward or Rip Off?

Rebates have become increasingly popular in the last few years on a lot of items and certainly on electronic items and computers. Rebates of $20, $50 or $100 are not uncommon.

I’ve even seen items advertised as “free after rebate”. Do these rebates come under the heading of “too good to be true”? Some of them do and there are “catches” to watch out for but if you are careful, rebates can help you get some really good deals.

The way a rebate works is that you pay the listed price for an item then mail in a form and the bar code to the manufacturer and they send you a refund thus reducing the price of what you paid for the item except with a time delay of several weeks.


Rule #1. Rebates from reputable companies are usually just fine.

You can be pretty sure you will get the promised rebate from Best Buy, Amazon or Dell but you should probably not count on getting one from a company you’ve never heard of. If you really want the product and are OK with paying the price listed then buy it but don’t count on actually getting the refund.


Rule #2. Check rebate expiration dates.

Many times products will stay on the shelf of a retailer after the date for sending in the rebate offer has expired so check that date carefully.


Rule #3. Be sure you have all the forms required to file for the rebate before you leave the store.

Rebates will almost always require a form to be filled out, a receipt for the purchase and a bar code.

Rule #4. Back up your rebate claim.

Make copies of everything you send in to get your rebate including the bar code. Stuff gets lost in the mail all the time and if the rebate is for $50 it’s worth the trouble to back up your claim.

The 3 Things To Avoid When Emailing Your List

When you decide to have an opt-in list, it is not just a matter of sending your subscribers your promotional newsletters or catalogs. There are many things to consider in avoiding many complications. While there are so many ways you can make people subscribe to your list, there are also some things you must do to avoid subscribers from wanting to get off from your list.

Aside from that, you also want to avoid any problems with the law and your internet service provider or ISP. There are now many laws and rules that are applied to help protect the privacy of the internet users from spamming and unwanted mails. With the popularity of the electronic mail as a medium for marketing because of the low cost, many company’s have seized the opportunity and have flooded many people’s e-mail accounts with promotional mail.

But, with an opt-in list, you avoid this annoyance because people subscribe to the list; they want to receive the newsletters and promotional materials. They have consented to being on the list by subscribing themselves, just don’t forget to put an unsubscribe feature everytime in your opt-in list so that you avoid any confusion. There may be times when an email account was provided when the real owner didn’t want to subscribe.

It is essential that you keep your list clean and manageable. Arrange it by using the many tools and technologies available for your opt-in list. Do not worry; your investment in this marketing strategy is well worth it with all the coverage you will get which will likely be converted into sales then to profit.

Keep yourself and your business out of trouble and potential run-ins with the law and the internet service providers. Keep your operation legit and clean. Your reputation as a legitimate businessman and a legitimate site depends on your being a straight and true marketing strategist. As a tip, here are three things to avoid when emailing your list.

1) Take notice of your unsuccessful sends. These are the e-mails that bounce. Bounced emails, also known as undeliverable messages, are those messages that, for whatever reason, were not successfully received by the intended recipient.

There are bounces that happen or occur because the server was busy at that time but can still be delivered in another time. There are also bounces because the inbox of the recipient is full at that time. There are those bounce messages that are simply undeliverable ever. The reason for this is that it may be an invalid email address, a misspelled email address, or an email address that was abandoned and erased already.

Manage your list by putting markings on those that bounce. Erase an email account from your list so that you have an accurate statistics and records as to how many are actually receiving your mail. You may also want to check the spellings of your email addresses in your list. One common mistake is when an N instead of an M is placed in the .com area.

2) Always provide an unsubscribe feature in your site and an unsubscribe link in your mails. When someone in your list files a request to be unsubscribed, always take that request seriously. If you don’t take them off your list and keep sending them your e-mails, you are now sending them spam mail.

When you are reported as a spammer, you and your business can get into a lot of trouble. You can be reported to the authorities and maybe blacklisted by many internet service providers. You will lose a lot of subscribers this way and many more in potential subscribers.

3) Do not provide pornographic or shocking and disturbing content in your newsletters. It is hard to decipher the age of the recipient and many complaints may stem from these. Controversial issues also are to be avoided to not be branded by your subscribers. Stick to the nature of your site and business.

Always remember these tips in this article so that you can have a healthy relationship with your subscribers as well as be kept within the boundaries of what is allowed in sending mails to an opt-in list.

Top 3 Ways To Boost Your Affiliate Commissions Overnight

The ideal world of affiliate marketing does not require having your won website, dealing with customers, refunds, product development and maintenance. This is one of the easiest ways of launching into an online business and earning more profits.

Assuming you are already into an affiliate program, what would be the next thing you would want to do? Double, or even triple, your commissions, right? How do you do that?

Here are some powerful tips on how to boost your affiliate program commissions overnight.

1. Know the best program and products to promote. Obviously, you would want to promote a program that will enable you to achieve the greatest profits in the shortest possible time.

There are several factors to consider in selecting such a program. Choose the ones that have a generous commission structure. Have products that fit in with your target audience. And that has a solid track record of paying their affiliate easily and on time. If you cannot seem to increase your investments, dump that program and keep looking for better ones.

There are thousands of affiliate programs online which gives you the reason to be picky. You may want to select the best to avoid losing your advertising dollars.

Write free reports or short ebooks to distribute from your site. There is a great possibility that you are competing with other affiliates that are promoting the same program. If you start writing short report related to the product you are promoting, you will be able to distinguish yourself from the other affiliates.

In the reports, provide some valuable information for free. If possible, add some recommendations about the products. With ebooks, you get credibility. Customers will see that in you and they will be enticed to try out what you are offering.

2. Collect and save the email addresses of those who download your free ebooks. It is a known fact that people do not make a purchase on the first solicitation. You may want to send out your message more than six times to make a sale.

This is the simple reason why you should collect the contact information of those who downloaded your reports and ebooks. You can make follow-ups on these contacts to remind them to make a purchase from you.

Get the contact information of a prospect before sending them to the vendor’s website. Keep in mind that you are providing free advertisement for the product owners. You get paid only when you make a sale. If you send prospects directly to the vendors, chances are they would be lost to you forever.

But when you get their names, you can always send other marketing messages to them to be able to earn an ongoing commission instead of a one-time sale only.

Publish an online newsletter or Ezine. It is always best to recommend a product to someone you know than to sell to a stranger. This is the purpose behind publishing your own newsletter. This also allows you to develop a relationship based on trust with your subscribers.

This strategy is a delicate balance between providing useful information with a sales pitch. If you continue to write informative editorials you will be able to build a sense of reciprocity in your readers that may lead them to support you by buying your products.

3. Ask for higher than normal commission from merchants. If you are already successful with a particular promotion, you should try and approach the merchant and negotiate a percentage commission for your sales.

If the merchant is smart, he or she will likely grant your request rather than lose a valuable asset in you. Keep in mind that you are a zero-risk investment to your merchant; so do not be shy about requesting for addition in your commissions. Just try to be reasonable about it.

Write strong pay Per Click ads. PPC search engine is the most effective means of advertising online. As an affiliate, you can make a small income just by managing PPC campaigns such as Google AdWords and Overture. Then you should try and monitor them to see which ads are more effective and which ones to dispose of.

Try out these strategies and see the difference it can make to your commission checks in the shortest of time.

5 Ways To Improve Your Adsense Earnings

If webmasters want to monetize their websites, the great way to do it is through Adsense. There are lots of webmasters struggling hard to earn some good money a day through their sites. But then some of the “geniuses” of them are enjoying hundreds of dollars a day from Adsense ads on their websites. What makes these webmasters different from the other kind is that they are different and they think out of the box.

The ones who have been there and done it have quite some useful tips to help those who would want to venture into this field. Some of these tips have boosted quite a lot of earnings in the past and is continuously doing so.

Here are some 5 proven ways on how best to improve your Adsense earnings.

1. Concentrating on one format of Adsense ad. The one format that worked well for the majority is the Large Rectangle (336X280). This same format have the tendency to result in higher CTR, or the click-through rates. Why choose this format out of the many you can use? Basically because the ads will look like normal web links, and people, being used to clicking on them, click these types of links. They may or may not know they are clicking on your Adsense but as long as there are clicks, then it will all be for your advantage.

2. Create a custom palette for your ads. Choose a color that will go well with the background of your site. If your site has a white background, try to use white as the color of your ad border and background. The idea to patterning the colors is to make the Adsense look like it is part of the web pages. Again, This will result to more clicks from people visiting your site.

3. Remove the Adsense from the bottom pages of your site and put them at the top. Do not try to hide your Adsense. Put them in the place where people can see them quickly. You will be amazed how the difference between Adsense locations can make when you see your earnings.

4. Maintain links to relevant websites. If you think some sites are better off than the others, put your ads there and try to maintaining and managing them. If there is already lots of Adsense put into that certain site, put yours on top of all of them. That way visitor will see your ads first upon browsing into that site.

5. Try to automate the insertion of your Adsense code into the webpages using SSI (or server side included). Ask your web administrator if your server supports SSI or not. How do you do it? Just save your Adsense code in a text file, save it as “adsense text”, and upload it to the root directory of the web server. Then using SSI, call the code on other pages. This tip is a time saver especially for those who are using automatic page generators to generate pages on their website.

These are some of the tips that have worked well for some who want to generate hundreds and even thousands on their websites. It is important to know though that ads are displayed because it fits the interest of the people viewing them. So focusing on a specific topic should be your primary purpose because the displays will be especially targeted on a topic that persons will be viewing already.

Note also that there are many other Adsense sharing the same topic as you. It is best to think of making a good ad that will be somewhat different and unique than the ones already done. Every clickthrough that visitors make is a point for you so make every click count by making your Adsense something that people will definitely click on.

Tips given by those who have boosted their earnings are just guidelines they want to share with others. If they have somehow worked wonders to some, maybe it can work wonders for you too. Try them out into your ads and see the result it will bring.

If others have done it, there is nothing wrong trying it out for yourself.

8 signs it's time to change jobs before you get fired

By Anne Fisher, FORTUNE senior writer

Dear Annie: For the first time in my (16-year) working life, I dread coming to the office in the morning. It's gotten so bad that I can't sleep Sunday nights, and I think I might be getting an ulcer. Why? I took what I expected would be a great job - at least the pay is great - about a year ago, and since then I've felt more and more out of place.

My boss keeps giving me tasks that an entry-level hire, without half my experience, could do. He has also stopped including me in meetings where important decisions are made about my department's activities. (All my peers are invited.) To top it off, most of my colleagues have been avoiding me ever since an incident a few weeks ago when I questioned a practice that seemed to cheat one of our clients, and I'm starting to think I should have swallowed my ethics and kept quiet.

I don't want to look like a job hopper, but I'm not sure how much longer I can stand working here. What should I do? -Outcast

Dear Outcast: Yikes. According to Richard Bayer, Ph.D., chief operating officer of The Five O'Clock Club (www.fiveoclockclub.com), a national career-counseling network based in New York City, you would be smart to leave before you get sacked, or you lose your sanity, or both.

Over the years, Bayer has compiled a list of eight signals that usually mean your job is in jeopardy. "If you've noticed three or more of the warning signs, it's time to update your resume and start job hunting," he says.

From your e-mail, I'd say you are suffering from more than three. Check out the list and see if you agree.

1. You don't fit in. Your values don't match the company's. If your colleagues are "dishonest and focused on getting ahead regardless of legal or moral barriers," Bayer says, it's time to quit before an Enron-style scandal sinks the ship.

2. Your boss doesn't like you and you don't like him or her. If your boss never asks your opinion, and never wants to chat or have lunch with you, and if you disagree with her agenda and dislike her style, your days are numbered. Adds Bayer: "If you've ever done something that undermined your boss, you might as well get out now."

3. Your peers don't like you. Feeling isolated, gossiped about, and excluded from the inner workings of the organization is a very bad sign, as is feeling that you're not part of the team and wouldn't socialize with your colleagues even if they asked you.

4. You don't get assignments that demonstrate the full range of your abilities. "Watching all the good assignments go to others, while you're given the ones that play to your weaknesses or are beneath your professional level, should tell you something," says Bayer. Likewise, if it seems the boss doesn't trust your judgment, you're in trouble.

5. You always get called upon to do the "grunt work." Everybody has to take on a dull or routine task now and then, but if you are constantly being singled out to do the work no one else wants, alarm bells should ring.

6. You are excluded from meetings your peers are invited to. Sound familiar? If it's painfully clear that your ideas aren't valued, why stick around?

7. Everyone on your level has an office. You have a cubicle in the hallway. Bayer notes that, whatever your title, your digs can speak volumes about your real status in the organization. If your peers have offices with windows and you're asked to move into a broom closet - no matter what the official explanation - start cleaning out your desk.

8. You dread going to work and feel like you're developing an ulcer. Ah, here's yet another of your symptoms, and a particularly nasty one at that.

"If the idea of going to the office makes you anxious or physically sick, and you're counting the hours from the time you arrive until the second you can leave, it's time to move on," says Bayer. Do it before you do serious damage to your health, or get so demoralized that you can't be upbeat in job interviews, or both. Once things have deteriorated to this point, being perceived as a job hopper should be the least of your worries. Get out while you still can.

When a Recession Threatens Cash Suddenly Has Cachet

by By Jonathan Clements

provided by
When recession rules, cash is king.

It's tough to figure out where the economy is headed, and some folks think today's biggest risk is inflation, not recession. Still, in trimming the federal-funds rate last week, the Federal Reserve noted that "the tightening of credit conditions" could "restrain economic growth."

Indeed, the signs are ominous. August's jobs data were notably dismal, with nonfarm payrolls shrinking by 4,000, instead of the 112,000 job increase expected by Wall Street. Americans are getting squeezed by tumbling home prices, rising mortgage payments and $80-a-barrel oil, and all this could cut into consumer spending.

If the economy turns sluggish, it will be rough on those who lose their jobs, while offering buying opportunities to those still employed. But either way, there's one thing you'll want -- and that's access to cash.

Taking advantage.

A mountain of cash would, of course, be a great comfort if you're laid off. But even if you hang on to your job, a little extra money in a high-yield savings account or a money-market fund could prove mighty useful.

Maybe a recession will further pummel the housing market, and you can put your savings toward buying a vacation home or trading up to a larger house. Maybe a slowing economy will knock shares lower, and you can use your cash to buy stocks at bargain prices.

For the cash-rich, a recession can also be a good time to purchase a car, as dealers slash prices to unload inventory. Alternatively, you might seize the chance to remodel the kitchen, knowing that contractors will likely bid more aggressively for your business.

Reclaiming savings.

With all this in mind, stockpile savings.

But where? If you think your job is in jeopardy, forget funding the kid's college account and don't make extra-principal payments on your mortgage. The problem: If you lose your job, it may be hard to get your hands on this money.

You might also be tempted to skip your 401(k) plan. But in fact, sticking enough in your 401(k) to get your employer's full matching contribution should remain your top financial priority.

True, if you're laid off and strapped for cash, you might be forced to tap your 401(k), triggering income taxes and possibly tax penalties. That double whammy, however, will likely be more than offset by today's twin benefits, in the form of an initial tax deduction and the matching employer contribution.

After you have funded your 401(k), direct additional savings into a Roth individual retirement account. You can fully fund a Roth if you are single with income below $99,000 or married filing jointly with income under $156,000.

One of the Roth's little-known benefits: At any time, you can withdraw your contributions -- but not the account's investment earnings -- without paying taxes or penalties. That means this year's $4,000 Roth contribution could be next year's unemployment fund or next year's home-improvement fund.

Got additional money to save? Stuff it in a savings account or a money fund held in a regular taxable account. If you lose your job or buy a vacation home, this is the first place you should go for cash.

Downsizing debt.

As you prep your finances for a possible recession, also get your debts under control.

Buy yourself some financial breathing room by paying off your credit cards. If you're worried you might get laid off, think twice before taking on new financial obligations, such as car leases and loans.

Also, set up a home-equity line of credit and check whether it's worth refinancing your mortgage to lower your monthly payments. You will likely find the mortgage company more receptive today, while you are still employed and still creditworthy.

If the economy slips into recession, and you lose your job or undertake major home improvements, the credit line could be a godsend. What if there's no recession? This extra borrowing power might still come in handy -- and you will no doubt find some use for all that extra cash you've saved.

Copyrighted, Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All rights reserved.

Saturday, 29 September 2007

Investors to Fed: Thanks for nothing

The reckless are getting relief from Bernanke while the prudent are paying the price, argues Fortune's Allan Sloan.
FORTUNE Magazine
By Allan Sloan, Fortune senior-editor-at-large

(Fortune Magazine) -- One of the core principles of the U.S. medical profession is the Hippocratic oath, the most famous part of which is "Do no harm." It's too bad that the governors of the Federal Reserve Board don't have to take such a pledge when they assume office, because their recent interest rate cut has done a lot of harm to those of us who've managed our finances prudently.

Even though the Fed's stated reason for cutting short-term interest rates by half a point was to help keep the economy from falling into recession, anyone who's been paying attention knows that a major motivation - if not the major motivation - was to try to calm the turbulence that has been roiling the markets since August.

The players in the biggest trouble, of course, were the ones who'd taken the biggest fliers in junk mortgages, ultra-risky leveraged buyouts, and other financial esoterica that proved to be malignant.

The stock market, which had been begging for a bailout and hasn't ever seen an interest rate cut that it didn't like, responded to the Fed's half-pointer by running prices up. Ben Bernanke, the Street decided, is just what the doctor ordered.

However, if you look at the financial markets' overall reaction to the Fed move - not at just the stock market's reaction - you realize that as a result of the cut, those of us who keep score in dollars and didn't need to be bailed out are less wealthy than we were in terms of anything other than our home currency.

Why? Because the rate cut contributed heavily to the dollar's recent sharp drop in the currency markets - parity with the Canadian dollar, for God's sake! - and to the price spike in hard assets like gold, silver, copper, and oil. So our wealth, relative to these other things, has diminished.

And wait, there's more. Even though the Fed has cut short-term rates, long-term rates, which it doesn't control, have risen in reaction to the cut. So whatever economic benefits may flow from lower shortterm rates will be partly offset by the rise in long rates, which are at least as important to the economy as short rates.

Finally, consider this. Even though Bernanke's cut may mean that some junk mortgages will reset at lower rates, the cost of large, high-quality fixed-rate mortgages, which are tied to long rates, will be higher than they'd otherwise be. (Yeah, penalize the people who are prudent - way to go!)

When I talk about prudent people being penalized, I don't mean just the decline in their wealth in terms of anything other than the dollar. I'm also talking about the price paid by investors who wouldn't play the subprime mortgage game and thus got lower returns than players who took bigger risks.

The folks who didn't get carried away (and avoided huge losses) look smart today - but they looked prudish and foolish until the housing bubble finally popped.

Look, as I've said before - and will probably say again - the Fed's job is to protect the financial system. It doesn't dare let a giant financial institution fail, lest it drag down other big players and trigger cascading failures.

But if we taxpayers are going to bail out the likes of Countrywide Financial (Charts, Fortune 500), even indirectly, I'd like us to get a market return on our money. That would reward us for the risk we're taking and seriously penalize companies that so overindulge that they need Dr. Ben's Magical Money Elixir.

Let's get the Treasury to negotiate deals like Bank of America's (Charts, Fortune 500) with Countrywide in August, when the bank put up $2 billion and got a high current coupon and a below-market conversion option.

The Treasury could do what it did years ago with Chrysler and get stock-purchase warrants in return for guaranteeing loans to companies that we can't afford to let fail. The idea would be to reward U.S. taxpayers and send a message to gunslingers without risking a worldwide financial collapse.

This different way of thinking won't cure Wall Street of its "heads I win, tails I get bailed out" syndrome - but it will reduce the number of bailouts and mitigate the harm they now do to those of us who haven't overreached. If Hippocrates were in the investment business, I'm sure he'd totally approve.

Tuesday, 25 September 2007

How to invest when rates are falling

Laura Bruce
The Fed rate cut isn't a signal to completely rejigger your portfolio but it can be an opportunity to consider investments that generally perform better as interest rates drop.

While lower rates often mean lower borrowing costs for businesses, a continually declining rate environment may mean that the economy is so soft that businesses aren't doing well, unemployment is rising and consumers are cutting back on purchases.

A portfolio that does well in those times may look bit different from one that does well when the economy is performing better. A few changes may be all your portfolio needs to keep it in the green.

We asked two portfolio managers for some ideas that do-it-yourselfers can consider when reviewing their portfolios.

Where to invest now

Bryant Evans: In his own wordsBryant Evans is a portfolio manager with Cozad Asset
Management in Champaign, Ill. He specializes in high-yield stock portfolios.

There are two very important things to keep in mind. You know rates have fallen recently, you don't know for sure they will continue to fall. You need to consider what you think rates will do going forward because that's what really matters when it comes to investments.
The other thing is: What does the yield curve look like? If we go with the assumption rates will continue to fall -- and that's not a bad assumption when the economy looks like it's weakening a little bit -- there are certain kinds of investments that do very well, especially short- to midterm Treasury bonds.

As rates go down prices go up and bonds tend to do quite well in a falling-rate environment. But this leads to that question about what will happen going forward. If you get in now and rates continue to go down, you're in good shape. But let's say we're at a historically low rate and they start rising again. Well, those same investments -- short- to mid-term Treasuries -- are not a good place to be.

Let's remember that good investors think well beyond the current interest rate cycle. If you have a good diversified bond portfolio or a laddered strategy, you'll be fine. Diversification and a long-term outlook will mitigate the short-term effect of market and rate fluctuations.
How to diversify in bondsYou can diversify into different kinds of bond funds. Diversified bond funds are often called "total return funds." I like them for someone who doesn't have a lot of money to invest and wants diversification. If you can diversify by investing in two different kinds of bond funds, then you might avoid the total return fund and build a portfolio of bond funds. Think long-term and mix and match. You might have a floating-rate bond fund as well as an inflation-protected fund with Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities or TIPS. Just in case we're at a historic low and rates are going to start coming back up, those tend to do OK as rates rise. Then mix in some Treasuries and some high-yields and some municipal bonds.

Utility stocks usually upOften times when the Fed is reducing rates, the stock market does very well. The reason doesn't have much to do with the rates per se and what's going on in the bond market, the reason is because people think the Fed is making the right move to improve the economy down the road. A strong economy is very good for stocks, but may not be very good for bonds. If rates are going down, the bond market will do well, almost regardless of whatever else is going on.

There are certain kinds of stocks that tend to do well in a low interest-rate environment. One group is utilities. Utilities are high-yield in nature and compete a little bit with bonds. When bond rates are rising, utilities don't do so well. But money starts moving into them as bond rates go down because the dividend you get off utilities tends to increase year over year regardless of fixed income.

There's another aspect. Relative to other stocks, utilities on average carry fairly large debt loads. They're always borrowing money, so part of their cost of doing business is paying interest on their loans. So if rates are down, their costs go down.

REITs may be rightWe might talk a little about real estate investment trusts as income. REITs have come down; even the ones that are taking advantage of problems in the housing market, such as apartment REITs, have been thrown out with the bath water. They're actually looking quite attractive right now. They also tend to carry big debt because they borrow to finance new acquisitions, and they tend to do well in a falling-rate environment. Add in the factor that a falling-rate environment is often highly correlated with a falling broader economic environment.
REITs have a safety effect to them relative to other stocks because their income is fairly reliable. If you go back to 2001 through 2002 when the stock market was getting hit, REITs really held up well. I like commercial and industrial but especially apartment REITs.
Put money on financial servicesIn addition to utilities and REITs, I would also say, in general, finance companies do well in a low-rate environment. We're in a weird time for finance companies. Banks are getting hit, everything's getting hit by the mortgage problem, but lower rates going forward will help to save these companies. So, to me, their valuations are looking pretty attractive.

Consumer staples, not to be confused with consumer discretionary, also tend to do pretty well in a slowing economy.

ARM holders benefitIf you have an adjustable-rate mortgage, you should be considering refinancing. A falling-rate environment is a lot better for ARM holders, but mortgages are long term. A lot of people are enticed into ARMs with artificially low beginning rates. Those are the ones that are going to ratchet up regardless of what happens with the Fed. Those are the people who really need to think about getting a fixed-rate loan.

As a general rule, if you have a mortgage and you can get a rate that's about 1 percent better, it's a pretty good time to refinance. That's a very general rule because it depends on how many years you have left, and it assumes you can be efficient in terms of minimizing closing costs.
Diversification and a long-term approach are incredibly key variables and investors who focus on the short term nine out of 10 times are the ones who don't do very well and end up frustrated.

You have to be a little bit brave, but brave investors capture value because some short-term problem is making companies look unattractive.

Jeff Layman: In his own wordsJeff Layman is director of investment services at BKD Wealth Advisors in Springfield, Mo.

Effectively we've been in a declining-rate environment in terms of market rates even (before the Fed cut the federal funds rate). Bond market yields have come down to reflect the anticipation that the Fed will be busy.

That, in our view, makes stocks more attractive on a relative basis than the yields available on bonds. We feel that the starting point for stocks is pretty attractive at a little over 15 times this year's earnings estimate. The Fed rate cut should help this along. Stocks benefit in multiple ways from a lower interest rate environment, so we think stocks, generally, will look even more attractive than they do right now.

With interest rates and inflation even at current levels, a 15 multiple is pretty cheap. Fifteen times earnings or 16 times earnings is generally where we've been trading for the last few months. We feel like a federal funds rate cut would increase the chance we might get a little multiple expansion between now and the end of the year. We're not talking about up to 20 times earnings, but even to 17 or 18 times earnings if there was enough optimism about how those rate cuts might improve the outlook for 2008. And that would really give a nice boost to the total return for equities this year too.

What's a stock worth today?The other thing that's very important with lower interest rates is looking at the valuation of equities and what they're worth today; that present value of their future earnings stream is an important thing to look at. That becomes a bigger number the lower interest rates go. In other words, the future earnings are worth more today in a lower interest rate environment than they are in a higher interest rate environment.
Obviously, lower interest rates lower the cost to borrow for corporations, which, all things being equal, ought to help their earnings potential as well. And as important, the thing that's been very concerning to the market over the last several months is how will consumers do in this environment? Will they stay engaged in the economy? They drive two-thirds of the spending. It's been a little spotty but, generally, they've hung in there pretty well, but the consumer's been a big concern to investors. To the extent that the cost of borrowing comes down and also the availability of credit -- that's the other thing we've been keeping an eye on -- the extent that credit is available and reasonably priced and helps them stay engaged in the economy that would be a positive as well.

Dividends may pay off

Dividends are nice, but we don't really look at them as the end all as far as attractiveness. But if you could find good-quality companies that pay nice dividends -- the financial stocks are pretty good examples of that right now, in that they've been beaten up a bit right now irrespective of the amount of subprime mortgage exposure they have. You can find banks that in some cases are in the range of nine or 10 times earnings with dividend yields of 3 percent or greater. We think that looks like a pretty good investment opportunity over the next few years, knowing that there's going to be more negative news about subprime for some time.
What about bonds?Total returns from bonds have improved in the last couple months as rates have come down, so if you're an existing bond fund holder you should have done pretty well. For the new entrant looking to make a purchase of a bond fund, the only thing I can suggest is that rates are now back down in the Treasury market to as low as they've been in some time, so the prices have been pushed up. We don't particularly look at now is this a great opportunity to buy a bond fund. For just raw opportunity it still offers a good diversification benefit, but we think the return opportunity is going to be somewhat limited in general.

The typical individual investor may not realize that (the Fed rate cut) has really already been reflected in the bond market with prices going up and yields coming down the last few weeks. That doesn't necessarily mean good things will happen to your bond fund investment; in fact, not much might happen at all.

The market has priced in about 75 basis points of future Fed cuts through March of next year; so, over the next six months or so 75 basis points of cuts. Do they go further than that? That will play out but that's what the expectations are that are built in right now.
Real estate, another major investable asset class, didn't start to roll over because of higher rates; it was that prices got ahead of themselves in a lot of commercial and residential properties around the country. We think that that's not necessarily going to be helped by small Fed rate cuts on the front end. I think it will take a little longer to work out, so we're not really particularly active in real estate or REITs right now.

Stocks are tops

Equities are still our favorite place to be. We find lots of value in a lot of areas, particularly the large-cap U.S. market. Growth is a lot more attractive in our view right now. We like the health stocks and technology stocks; they're coming along pretty nicely this year after several years of underperformance as well.

“Equities are still our favorite place to be.” I think we'll have a bumpy ride in financials, but we have been allocating new dollars there. Some of the stocks have really come down and can be bought at attractive valuations, but we're paying a lot of attention to the amount and type of exposure they have to the worst-performing part of the loan market because it will take some of these companies a long time to recover. Some of the others don't have a lot of exposure and have probably been over-punished. I don't expect they'll have a big run between now and end of year, but they represent a pretty good value over the next couple of years.

Saturday, 22 September 2007

Tips Of The Month - Ancient Wisdom That May Change Your Life

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Recently, I heard a story from a self-made multimillionaire. The moral of the story is profound. I hope you can learn something from it.

Here's the story......

A sage challenged his students with a question. The question is "Assuming that you have piece of land full of weed, propose what you would do to get rid of the weed."

One student suggested to pull out the weed by hand. One said use a shovel is faster. Another said why not we just burn the weed.

"The answers are all wrong," said the sage. "The answer is to farm the land."

The moral of the story......

We all face problems everyday. Problems are just like weed. They will grow regardless of how you remove them. When facing problems, most people will think of ways to solve the problem, just like the sage's students who proposed to use hand, shovel and fire to remove weed. Regardless of what they do, new weed will continue to grow and there is no end to this.

Instead of focusing on how to solve the problem, we should focus on how to ADVANCE from the problem. As what the sage said, the solution to get rid of weed is to farm the land. What he meant was to develop the land. Once the land was developed, weed would no longer be a problem. He didn't solve the problem directly, but the problem would no longer be a problem when he developed the land. In other words, instead of solving the problem, he made good of the entire situation so that he didn't even have to waste time solving the problem, which was just a trivial matter. This is what I mean by ADVANCE from the problem, i.e. making good of the entire situation so that the original problem is no longer a problem.

For example, let's say you are in debts. What most people would do is to think of ways to clear the debts. However, instead of focusing on how to clear your debts, you should focus on how to get rich! Once you become rich, your existing debts will no longer be a problem. You may argue that clearing debts and getting rich are the same. This is not true. The strategies to clear debts are very different from the strategies to get rich. Just like the strategies to make extra $1000 and $100000 are very different. Thinking of strategies to make extra $1000 to clear your debts may solve your current problem. But the same problem will arise again. On the contrary, once you get rich, your existing debts will become trivial.

Another example. A friend of mine is presently running a loss-making business and he is spending most of his time chasing after bad debts to pay his bills. The total amount of bad debts is about $30000. However, instead of spending his time chasing after the bad debts, he should focus on changing his business model. Once he gets the right business model, he can easily make extra $30000 and many times more. By then, the $30000 bad debts would just be a lesson he has paid to learn.

Ask yourself, how often did you focus on solving your problems. Stop solving problems but advance from the problem. If you take every problem as an opportunity for you to grow or to advance, you will realize that once you advance, you will no longer have to solve the problem.

Look around for the weed in your life now....... How would you get rid of your weed?

Avoiding Impulse Spending

Answer these questions truthfully:

1.) Does your spouse or partner complain that you spend too much money?

2.) Are you surprised each month when your credit card bill arrives at how much more you charged than you thought you had?

3.) Do you have more shoes and clothes in your closet than you could ever possibly wear?

4.) Do you own every new gadget before it has time to collect dust on a retailer’s shelf?

5.) Do you buy things you didn’t know you wanted until you saw them on display in a store?

If you answered “yes” to any two of the above questions, you are an impulse spender and indulge yourself in retail therapy.

This is not a good thing. It will prevent you from saving for the important things like a house, a new car, a vacation or retirement. You must set some financial goals and resist spending money on items that really don’t matter in the long run.

Impulse spending will not only put a strain on your finances but your relationships, as well. To overcome the problem, the first thing to do is learn to separate your needs from your wants.

Advertisers blitz us hawking their products at us 24/7. The trick is to give yourself a cooling-off period before you buy anything that you have not planned for.

When you go shopping, make a list and take only enough cash to pay for what you have planned to buy. Leave your credit cards at home.

If you see something you think you really need, give yourself two weeks to decide if it is really something you need or something you can easily do without. By following this simple solution, you will mend your financial fences and your relationships.

Why Publish an eZine?

On the Internet, it is very possible to make money without selling any product. One way of doing so is through starting your own eZine, also known as an electronic newsletter.

In a nutshell, you send out your eZine issues on a periodical basis to your subscribers. The good part is that you have a flexible choice in automating the process of sending out your eZine issues for you or manually sending them on a periodical basis.

As an eZine publisher, not only can you easily achieve the benefits a conventional newsletter publisher enjoys without having to chop down several trees in the process, you can easily and conveniently spread your marketing influence and expertise to your base of subscribers from the shoes of an ordinary individual.

In other words, you do not have to invest in expensive printing equipment, brick and mortar business, and hiring staff just to run your own newsletter publication, resulting in a lot of time, money and effort saved.

Basically, all you need to start your own eZine are an auto responder and broadcast feature to go with, enabling you to reach out to your massive subscribers whom you can regard as your prospects, too.

All in all, if you do not have the commitments of creating your own product for sale, then publishing your own online newsletter can be one of the wisest decisions you will ever make, given the benefits of impressive marketing power and influence it can offer to you.

3 Quick And Easy Ways To Build A Profitable Opt In List

You finally realize that you need a good opt-in list. After reading countless articles and sought expert advices and have read many success stories of people creating a small fortune with opt-in lists you finally decide to have one of your own. Then it happens, you think you have known everything there is to know about opt-in lists and have followed their advices to the T and you still weren’t able to make a profit.

In fact, you may be losing money. You maybe hiring writers to help you out, or there are some expenses incurred, even if you have a big list, but only a very small percentage actually buys from you, your still losing profit. You’ll realize that after a few months when you see your statistics and sales figures.

So what could have gone wrong? Why have others succeeded where you have failed? The most common mistake is that you dived straight right in. You chose a topic where you think could be quite popular and would earn you money. This just not the case. Just because you wrote people from the list doesn’t mean they are going to buy instantly.

Here I will offer more advice, for those who have started an opt-in list and have failed, you can rejuvenate your failed venture. For those who are starting, here are three quick and easy ways to build a profitable opt-in list.
1) Get your customers to trust you and your products first. Just launching your opt-in list would not make you an expert and a believable seller. Put many articles first before you start an opt-in list. Write about the topic you know and have started and used for your site. Try to put forums first to gain knowledge about your customers about their wants and needs and target those wants and needs.

Join forums from other sites as well. Provide expert advices and recommendations. When you feel that people trust you already, you will be able to start your own opt-in list. You can build a base as well with other forum users. You can ask them to join your list. Friends are always good customers. Put up a link to your site so that they may be able to see what you're business is all about.

The certain truth is, the money will only come in when the consumers and subscribers believe and trust in you. They want a product or service that could be a good exchange for their money. People are not going to buy something out of your recommendation if they don’t know you.

2) Find a product or service that people want and need. Although it may not be your forte, if you provide a service and product that you have researched and learned about well, you can carry it on forward. Invest your time, effort and money that you could sell as well as the buyers or subscribers of your opt-in list can use.

While it is true that it is best to sell something that you have interest in, there are not many people who have the same interest as you if you decide to sell something that is not entirely popular or profitable. Do your research well and you would see the profits come in. Also provide your subscribers with promotional material that they could actually use and spread around.

3) Make friends with other opt-in list users. This is basically beneficial especially if it is someone who has already launched a successful opt-in list. These are people that have the experience in this venture and experience is still the best teacher. While there are many articles available for you in the internet to use, there is nothing like getting a first hand account from someone you trust.

Experienced opt-in list users will be able to tell you what to do and what not to do because they have gone through it. While different situations occur for different people, the general concept can still be very helpful. There are many things to avoid and these people will be able to tell you which ones.

Building a profitable opt-in list don’t just happen overnight. There are many preparations and effort to do. Opt-in lists are built from scratch, as your list grows, you should also maintain the quality of your list. Keep it organized and manageable. Get or hire help if need be, just make sure that your subscribers are happy and satisfied and they will be willing to buy from you.

3 Things All Affiliate Marketers Need To Survive Online

Every affiliate marketer is always looking for the successful market that gives the biggest paycheck. Sometimes they think it is a magic formula that is readily available for them. Actually, it is more complicated than that. It is just good marketing practices that have been proven over years of hard work and dedication.
There are tactics that have worked before with online marketing and is continuing to work in the online affiliate marketing world of today. With these top three marketing tips, you will be able to able to increase your sales and survive in the affiliate marketing online.

What are these three tactics?

1. Using unique web pages to promote each separate product you are marketing. Do not lump all of it together just to save some money on web hosting. It is best to have a site focusing on each and every product and nothing more.

Always include product reviews on the website so visitors will have an initial understanding on what the product can do to those who buys them. Also include testimonials from users who have already tried the product. Be sure that these customers are more than willing to allow you to use their names and photos on the site of the specific product you are marketing.

You can also write articles highlighting the uses of the product and include them on the website as an additional page. Make the pages attractive compelling and include calls to act on the information. Each headline should attract the readers to try and read more, even contact you. Highlight your special points. This will help your readers to learn what the page is about and will want to find out more.

2. Offer free reports to your readers. If possible position them at the very top side of your page so it they simply cannot be missed. Try to create autoresponder messages that will be mailed to those who input their personal information into your sign up box. According to research, a sale is closed usually on the seventh contact with a prospect.

Only two things can possibly happen with the web page alone: closed sale or the prospect leaving the page and never return again. By placing useful information into their inboxes at certain specified period, you will remind them of the product they thought they want later and will find out that the sale is closed. Be sure that the content is directed toward specific reasons to buy the product. Do not make it sound like a sales pitch.

Focus on important points like how your product can make life and things easier and more enjoyable. Include compelling subject lines in the email. As much as possible, avoid using the word “free” because there are still older spam filters that dumps those kind of contents into the junk before even anyone reading them first. Convince those who signed up for your free reports that they will be missing something big if they do not avail of your products and services.

3. Get the kind of traffic that is targeted to your product. Just think, if the person who visited your website has no interest whatsoever in what you are offering, they will be among those who move on and never come back. Write articles for publication in e-zines and e-reports. This way you can locate publications that is focusing on your target customers and what you have put up might just grab their interest.

Try to write a minimum of 2 articles per week, with at least 300-600 words in length. By continuously writing and maintaining these articles you can generate as many as 100 targeted readers to your site in a day.
Always remember that only 1 out of 100 people are likely to buy your product or get your services. If you can generate as much as 1,000 targeted hits for your website in a day, that means you can made 10 sales based on the average statistic.

The tactics given above does not really sound very difficult to do, if you think about it. It just requires a little time and an action plan on your part.

Try to use these tips for several affiliate marketing programs. You can end maintaining a good source of income and surviving in this business that not all marketers can do.
Besides, think of the huge paychecks you will be receiving…

Effectively Using Overture/Yahoo To Get Website Visitors

Overture or now known as Yahoo because of Yahoo’s takeover, was the original inventor of the use of the P4P or Pay for Performance. Overture saw that the internet was fast becoming the easiest and most convenient way to shop, and advertising was going to hit at an all time high because of the many businesses in the arena.

To get a person to go to a site than others, it needs to be very visible. Providing ads that could direct potential consumers and costumers to their site would allow them to have an increase in traffic as well as sales. Yahoo provides a service that can put a site or company’s ad in their sites that can be shown when certain keywords are inputted.

Yahoo offers a chance for any company to increase their traffic by using their services. With more people being aware of your site, there would be more traffic and visitors to your site given the chance to view your pages as well as your products. With even a small percentage of successful sales, with a high traffic volume this could still be a substantial figure for your company.

Getting a consistent substantial flow of website visitors is every company’s goal. Many methods are devised and utilized to ensure that there would be more people to boost the sales and to be aware of the existence of such a product or service. Website visitors are potentially the life blood of your internet based business.

Yahoo/Overture utilizes the same principle as Google’s Adwords. In fact, they are very similar to each other that they use keyword and keyword phrase searches and to determine which ads to show per search. When a person types in a keyword or keyword phrase to search for anything, the search engines gives out the results in a page. Then at the right side of the page, you will see selected ads that have paid for their ads to be viewed with certain keywords and keyword phrases searched.

For example, Lets say you run a car parts retail/wholesale site. You choose keywords that can prompt or trigger your ads to be shown in the page when a keyword is searched. When a search engine user types in Honda Accord, your ad may come up if you have designated that as one of your keywords. You don’t need to fully optimize your site with Search Engine Optimization methods and techniques.

While some labor so hard to make their site one of the high ranking sites per keyword search, you get the chance to be on the top of the list or at least in the first page of a search result increasing your chance to be clicked on. With that, you drive traffic and website visitors to your site a lot faster.

You will have to pony up some cash when using this service though. There are different ways Yahoo/Overture will charge you. It may be in the number of Keywords or Keyword phrases your ad uses or in the many times your ad is clicked on. Others offer many other services like having your ad show up not only in the search engine pages but also with some third party sites.

Third party sites support ads that have the same theme or niche as them. With more areas your ad is shown, you increase the chances of people knowing about your site or product. With more website visitors you increase the sales of your site which makes your investment with your ads a wise one.

With so many competitions in the internet based businesses, it is necessary to take a huge leap forward from the pack by advertising. Yahoo/Overture will be a great place to start. Many have utilized their services and have reaped the rewards of this decision. It’s a marketing strategy that will increase your website visitors as well as increase your sales resulting to profit.

It takes money to make money, while there are some methods that are basically low cost or free, using a marketing service such as what Yahoo/Overture offers will provide results faster and on a larger scale. Many businesses have learned this the hard way, don’t be counted with them.

3 Reasons Why Adsense Is Essential For Content Sites

To know why Adsense is essential for your content sites is to know first how this works.

The concept is really simple, if you think about it. The publisher or the webmaster inserts a java script into a certain website. Each time the page is accessed, the java script will pull advertisements from the Adsense program. The ads that are targeted should therefore be related to the content that is contained on the web page serving the ad. If a visitor clicks on an advertisement, the webmaster serving the ad earns a portion of the money that the advertiser is paying the search engine for the click.

The search engine is the one handling all the tracking and payments, providing an easy way for webmasters to display content-sensitive and targeted ads without having the hassle to solicit advertisers, collect funds, monitor the clicks and statistics which could be a time-consuming task in itself. It seems that there is never a shortage of advertisers in the program from which the search engine pulls the Adsense ads. Also webmasters are less concerned by the lack of information search engines are providing and are more focused in making cash from these search engines.

The first reason why Adsense is essential for content sites is because it already has come a long way in understanding the needs of publishers and webmasters. Together with its continuous progression is the appearance of more advanced system that allows full ad customization. Webmasters are given the chance to choose from many different types of text ad formats to better complement their website and fit their webpage layout.

The different formatting enables the site owners the possibility of more click through from visitors who may or may not be aware of what they are clicking on. It can also appeal to the people visiting thus make them take that next step of looking up what it is all about. This way the people behind the Adsense will get their content read and making profit in the process.

The second reason is the ability of the Adsense publishers to track not only how their sites are progressing but also the earnings based on the webmaster-defined channels. The recent improvements in the search engines gives webmasters the capability to monitor how their ads are performing using customizable reports that has the capacity to detail page impressions, clicks and click-through rates. Webmasters and publishers can now track specific ad formats, colors and pages within a website. Trends are also easily spotted.

With the real-time reporting at hand, the effectiveness of the changes made will be assessed quickly. There would be time to sort out the contents that people are making the most clicks on. The ever-changing demands would be met while generating cash for the webmasters and publishers. The more flexible tools are also allowing webmasters to group web pages by URL, domain, ad type or category, which will provide them some accurate insight on which pages, ads and domains are performing best.

The last and final reason is that the advertisers have realized the benefits associated having their ads served on targeted websites. Thus increasing the possibility that a prospective web surfer will have an interest in their product and services. All because of the content and its constant maintenance. As opposed to those who are no using Adsense in their sites, they are given the option of having other people do their content for them, giving them the benefit of having successful and money-generating web sites.

Adsense is all about targeted content, the more targeted your content is, the more target the search engines’ ads will be. There are some web masters and publishers who are focused more on their site contents and how best to maintain them rather than the cash that the ads will generate for them. This is the part where the effectiveness is working its best.

There was a time when people were not yet aware of the money to be achieved from advertisements. The cash generated only came into existence when the webmasters and publishers realized how they can make Adsense be that generator. In those days, the content were the most important factors that is taken quite seriously. It still is. With the allure of money, of course.

Wednesday, 19 September 2007

Recession-Proof Your Investment Strategy

by Ben Stein

Now for some vital news about what to do differently with your investments, as we may or may not be sliding into a recession.

In a word, buy (and keep buying) broad indexes of foreign and domestic common stocks.

Lunch Is on the Gunslingers

Here's why. Unless you're a short-term trader -- in which case you shouldn't pay much attention to my words at all -- you're looking for how your results will be in 10 or 20 years. Your results will be better if you have an entry point at which your cost is low. Your cost will be lower if stocks have been hammered by short-term traders selling out of panic because of a recession.

That's one of the few "free lunches" -- as my investment guru pal Phil DeMuth calls them -- you get from the stock market. If short-term traders allow you to buy stocks at a discount, thank them, take a polite bow, and go out and buy.

The short-term trader will bail out of stocks if there's higher unemployment, temporarily lower corporate profits, slowdowns in housing sales, worries about mergers and acquisitions, and fears about credit availability. That's fine -- it's what short-term traders on Wall Street do. They hope to be a fraction of a second ahead of the other gunslingers and make a buck that way.

Focus on the Future

To you, the long-term investor, all that is just static. You don't care about what corporate profits will be in the second quarter of 2008 -- you care what they'll be in 2018. The only reference to 2008 in your calculations is if that year's profit disappointments drive down the prices of the Dow, the Spyders, the EFA, or the EEM and allow you to buy in cheap.

The short-term player desperately worries about what the employment numbers are. You as a humanitarian are concerned about the well being of others and wish them happiness and prosperity. But if unemployment rises and stocks fall, you buy in at the lower price and show a handsomer gain by 2018 or 2028 or whatever your anticipated sell date is.

You have no interest at all in selling if employment falls. Why should you? It's irrelevant to you -- except, again, if it lowers your buy prices.

Buy in the Fall

What if the United States goes into a painful recession? Sadly, people will suffer. But stocks will probably fall. Typically, their absolute price falls and their price/earnings (P/E) ratio falls.

To put this as plainly as possible, this is a good time to buy stocks. The evidence is overwhelming and consistent that if you buy when stocks' P/E is below its 15-year moving average, you'll make far more money than you would if you bought at the economic peak, when P/E's are high. So, unless you're out of money to buy with during the recession, you buy. You don't go on margin to buy, and you don't re-mortgage your home to buy. But if you're employed and have money to invest, you buy.

Recessions in the post-World War II world are generally short; they end after about two quarters. Within about 15 months, stocks have moved from their last peak to their next peak. This is an average -- each case varies, but in every case the very long-term investor is better off if he or she keeps on buying through the recession.

Wait for the Morning After

I wouldn't try and wait until the absolute bottom of the downturn is reached to buy. No one can predict with any certainty when that'll be -- it's visible only in the rearview mirror. But if you've been reading this column for a while, you know that I urge you to buy every month and add more every month. Just keep doing that through the recession, if it comes.

I know you'll be scared. I know wild-eyed TV commentators will urge you to panic. Don't do it -- just keep on buying and wait. There's got to be a morning after, even if it takes years, and on that morning you'll be a happy guy or gal.

Lower prices because of sort-term fear are one of life's great gifts to the long-term investor. Don't look that gift horse in the mouth.

When the Squeeze Is On, Bargains Abound

by Robert Kiyosaki

As you know, in early August of this year the Dow dropped nearly 400 points. Within hours, I received phone calls from producers at Fox News, CNN, and Bloomberg asking for my perspective on the near-crash.

The first question they asked was, "Are you still investing?" I answered, "Yes." In fact, I told them that on August 9 my wife, Kim, and I closed on a $17 million apartment complex in Tulsa and were quite happy with the investment.

Their next question was, "Do you think the Federal Reserve should intervene to save the economy by dropping interest rates?" My reply then as well as now: "No. This is a capitalist system, not a communist one. Anyone who expects the government to bail them out every time their greed and stupidity causes them to lose money is being foolish."

Winners and Losers

While this sounds harsh (and it is), I explained that the hedge funders, private equity players, and those with other portfolios losing money were big boys and girls. They know the game and how it's played, and shouldn't expect the government to bail them out.

I went on to explain that I did feel for the little guy whose home value was dropping as fast as his 401(k) plan, and that if the little guy loses confidence in the system, a recession may follow.

The ripple effect caused by the subprime meltdown and stock market volatility doesn't inspire confidence or encourage spending. If people stop spending, a lot of small business and families will suffer as the economy contracts. So while I talk tough about the big players, I do feel for average investors.

The Squeeze Effect

I know it's not polite to say "I told you so," but early this year I wrote two columns here predicting that what happened in August might be coming. Well, it did, and I told you so.

In one of those columns, I wrote about the upper-middle class possibly taking a beating by what stock traders call a short squeeze. I also wrote that many middle-class people could be caught in a cash squeeze -- and that's happening, too. Today, millions of people are caught in cash squeezes that cause them to default on their home loans.

A cash squeeze ripples through the economy when people, desperate to hang onto their real estate, begin selling other assets -- such as their cars -- just to raise the money to make their mortgage payments. This is what's happening now, and I expect it'll become worse through October and possibly into the holiday season of 2007, as more and more homeowners reluctantly turn over the keys to their homes.

A Cash Crash

The August stock market mini-crash I predicted was also a short squeeze for cash. Many banks, afraid that hedge funds and mortgage companies were holding subprime debt, called the loans on those businesses. And because the companies' subprime debt wasn't liquid and no one wanted it, the businesses had to begin selling liquid assets that institutions did want to buy.

In other words, just like the middle-class couple forced to sell their BMW at a discount to raise cash, these businesses were forced to sell their liquid assets. And because of the banks' margin calls, good assets dropped in price and bad or questionable assets weren't able to be sold. Consequently, August was a great time to be an investor, because you could pick up great stocks at cheap prices (more on that below).

The Confidence Factor

Another question I've been asked a lot lately is, "Will this loss of confidence spread?" Again, my answer is, "Yes." As I wrote in February, my concern is that we may be entering a deflationary period -- not an inflationary period, as many economists believe. And deflation is a lot harder to cure than inflation.

To cure inflation, the Fed simply raises short-term interest rates. That slows the number of dollars entering the economy. In a deflationary economy, however, you can pump money in, but if confidence is gone the economy can continue to deflate. That is, people become savers, not consumers.

If people become savers, then those in a short squeeze for cash may start selling more and more things of value, such as second homes, boats, cars, and jewelry, just to raise cash. And if people stop spending and start selling, the ripple effect is that millions -- even those with good credit -- begin to get hurt.

Not only will housing prices continue to drop, but restaurants and small specialty shops will suffer, and people will begin losing their jobs. When people lose their jobs the situation grows worse, as more confidence leaks out of the system. The Federal Reserve can lower interest rates again, but once that confidence is shattered, it might take awhile for the economy to rebound.

Drop and Correct

As I wrote in February, when cash and credit are plentiful, the economy expands. When cash goes into hiding, even if the Fed makes more credit available, the economy may deflate or stagnate. It's these last two scenarios that I'm concerned about. If we deflate or stagnate, the financial problems will grow regardless of what the government does.

I stated in my August TV and radio interviews that it's best to just let the economy drop and correct. If the government keeps saving people from their own greed and foolishness, the crash will only be put off to a later date.

I say let the market correct itself, even if it's painful. Let the foolish ones take their lumps and learn their lessons.

Bargains Are Plentiful

The silver lining to all this is that it's a very good time to be bargain hunting. In the current economy, cash is king. As more institutions and individuals are forced to sell assets to raise cash, you may come across that one investment you've been waiting for.

For example, in 1987, the stock market crashed, real estate took a dive, and savings and loan institutions were wiped out. It took about five years for the economy to recover. During that period, the government formed the Resolution Trust Corporation (RTC). The RTC took some of the best real estate in the world and sold it for pennies on the dollar.

Thanks to the RTC, in five short years Kim and I went from struggling financially to becoming financially free. It was a five-year short squeeze on cash that made us rich. I sincerely hope you can profit from the next short squeeze the way we did then, rather than being among those who get squeezed.

Saturday, 15 September 2007

How to Make Your Millions

By Nichole L. TorresSara Wilson

Making a million is a milestone--the defining moment of success for many entrepreneurs and an attainable goal for those tapped into today's hottest trends. Entrepreneurs are keeping their fingers on the pulse of what's hot in today's marketplace. They are the trendsetters, the pioneers, the ones to watch as they lead the pack, followed closely by franchisors poised to capitalize on winning ideas and spread concepts nationwide.

Already dreaming about living the good life as a millionaire? We've compiled the most lucrative trends across seven industries. But keep in mind that regardless of the route you choose--whether it's going solo or buying a franchise--arriving at your first million in sales will require persistence, strategy and, in most cases, multiple locations. And in case you doubt it's doable, we got the scoop from savvy entrepreneurs who went from zero to a million.

Fountain of Youth
With the first baby boomers starting to hit 60, America is fighting tooth and nail to stave off the signs of time. In 2004, Americans spent about $44.6 billion on anti-aging products and services, according to Business Communications Co. Inc., an information resource company. But that's nothing compared to the $72 billion market it's expected to mature into by 2009.

Why the sense of urgency? Vanity is part of it, and the fact that we're living longer adds to the need for enduring youth. But there's also the fact that many baby boomers won't be financially able to leave the work force as early as their parents did and will have no choice but to stay vital and active, says Maddy Dychtwald, co-founder of Age Wave, a think tank focused on boomers and the aging of the population. According to a study by the National Association of Realtors, the median age at which baby boomers expect to stop working is 70, but 27 percent say they never intend to stop working. Dychtwald predicts that this will open up all kinds of opportunities to entrepreneurs--such as those who can create wellness centers and bring together a variety of health and nutrition specialists under one roof.

Jeni Garrett is one of those entrepreneurs providing a mind and body oasis to baby boomers desperate for rejuvenation. In 2001, after enjoying the benefits of spa visits herself, Garrett, now 28, founded The Woodhouse Day Spa, a luxury spa in Victoria, Texas. A year and a half later, she set her sights on turning the brand into a household name. She first planned to open more company-owned locations, but Garrett soon turned to franchising to spread the concept. "With our business model, you really need an owner/operator present because of the staffing issues and to do the marketing initiative," she says. "Franchising lent itself very well to that."

To move forward, Garrett knew the foundation had to be solid. She chose a top-notch franchise lawyer and streamlined operations, even ordering the fixtures for the franchisees. With her franchise system in place, she has positioned herself perfectly to accommodate the growing clientele of baby boomers. To further meet the needs of this segment, she added a menu of services that boasts 15 holistic, all-natural treatments that focus more on wellness than pampering. She is enjoying success with a multimillion-dollar business as more boomer women--and men--make the spa experience part of their lifestyles. Says Garrett, "We're seeing [spas] move from a level of luxury to a level of necessity for wellness."

The Sweet Life
The nation's sweet tooth is becoming more insatiable, driving everything from the franchising industry, where cookies and ice cream concepts are growing categories, to the fine-dining industry, where diners are staying more often for the grand finale.

Dessert has become such a significant portion of the food industry that it's warranted its own annual trade show since 2003. Meanwhile, according to Hudson Riehle, senior vice president of research at the National Restaurant Association, almost 1 in 3 fine-dining operators reported that consumers bought more desserts last year than in the two previous years. In an increasing number of cases, high-end desserts are stealing the spotlight, as entire independent restaurant concepts are being founded on the premise of tasty, upscale indulgence.

Paul Conforti and Kim Moore, 36 and 40, respectively, researched the restaurant industry for a year while attending Harvard Business School before they opened the doors to their first upscale, dessert-focused restaurant, Finale Desserterie & Bakery, in Boston in 1998. Offering an exquisite menu featuring Valrhona chocolate, honey caramel gelato, nougat mousse and cherry almond Florentines, they are often credited with the distinction of starting the first high-end dessert concept. Their focus is as much on high-quality ingredients as it is on the overall experience. Says Conforti, "Making sure [customers] have the best dessert of their life is important, but it's also about the atmosphere, service, background music [and] cleanliness of the restaurant."

They have since grown their restaurant concept into a $6 million-plus business and are about to open their fourth location this month. Planning to open three more locations in Massachusetts next year and to reach Washington, DC, by 2009, they are working toward their ultimate goal of going nationwide. With an idea as divine as upscale desserts, $1 million in sales can be achieved with only one location, and the proof is in the pudding: One of Conforti and Moore's locations makes twice that much annually.

Starbucks revolutionized the coffee industry by transforming the beverage into the most necessary of luxuries, but numerous independents and ambitious franchisors have profited from coffee's popularity and are riding on their own caffeine high. According to Rob Stephen, immediate past president of the Specialty Coffee Association of America, a coffee trade association, opportunities in the industry abound. In fact, according to the SCAA and Mintel Group, the industry grew to an estimated $12.27 billion last year. So if you thought Starbucks had the market locked down, think again--many are drinking in their own share of the profits.

Eric Schmidt, 43, is the owner of a Dunn Bros Coffee franchise in Lawrence, Kansas, and although he just opened his coffee drive-thru in March, he's already working on opening two more coffee kiosks and estimating total year-end sales to be in the low seven figures. While he believes he could have reached this point with his own coffee concept, he has no doubt that buying a franchise helped him avoid many of the initial difficulties. The wealth of information available to him and the one-on-one assistance with finding the right location enabled Schmidt to get off to an impressive start.

But in moving forward, the defining strategy for success has simply been Schmidt's own commitment and constant presence in the business and his community. From personally making sure that customers' needs are met to being involved in local civic organizations and the nearby university, Schmidt makes sure all his bases are covered. "That's probably the single biggest thing about it," he says. "You have got to be completely involved in it from the day you open [your] doors."

For those looking to establish their niche, Stephen identifies two trends taking place in the industry: product differentiation and point of view. In a market once defined by regular or decaf, coffee consumers now pay attention to the very farm where the beans are grown. Says Stephen, "You're seeing coffee labels growing to three lines."

Customers are also looking to retailers for opinions and overall expertise, so it is important for coffee entrepreneurs to be knowledgeable about the products they're selling. Stephen believes that quality products, knowledge, point of view and a good location are the defining factors of success for both independent coffee entrepreneurs and franchisees.

So what's ahead for the industry? Says Stephen, "We're seeing a renaissance in iced and frozen beverages as a way to get to a part of the market that's interested in soda or energy drinks."

Seniors
While the industry to preserve vitality and youth among baby boomers is thriving, so are the businesses one generation ahead in the senior-care industry. Millions of Americans currently make up the "Sandwich Generation," a generation of people raising their children while taking care of their aging parents. This is already creating a demand for assistance, both medical and nonmedical, but that need will skyrocket as the baby boomers approach an age in which they, too, will need outside help. "People 65 and over will increase from 12 percent of the U.S. population to 20 percent by 2030," says J. Kevin Eckert, dean of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County's Erickson School of Aging Services. "It's almost a no-brainer that the whole need for senior housing, for adaptive housing, for all kinds of services, businesses and products will be burgeoning."

Topping things off, a large number of baby boomers won't have their own families to turn to for assistance. According to a 2004 U.S. Census report, 19 percent of women aged 40 to 44 were childless--twice the percentage reported in 1976.

Having watched his father struggle to care for his own brother, his aging grandmother and himself, Adam Brown was inspired to purchase a Home Helpers franchise. Getting the word out about his nonmedical and personal-care business was the most crucial step to securing his success. He did so by advertising, visiting local businesses and hospitals, and joining networking groups to educate the community about his services. Says Brown, 28, "This is a referral-based business, particularly because you're working with people's family members, so there has to be trust."

With 170 employees, Brown has positioned his franchise as a strong competitor in the Philadelphia area. After two years, he purchased a second territory and has since secured the "right of first refusal" for two other territories, which gives him first dibs before any other buyers. After working from home for two years, Brown has moved his business into an office, has just opened a satellite office and plans to open additional satellites in the future. Although having a physical presence isn't required, it has paid off: His franchise looks more established, and the neighborhood where the office is located is bringing in even more business. By reaching out to the community and expanding his territory, he has successfully grown his franchise to 350 clients and is projecting year-end sales of approximately $3.5 million.

Eckert sees a bright future on the horizon with the development of new homegrown communities where baby boomers can "age in place," as well as new services and technological products to help individuals remain at home. Says Eckert, "We're in for an exciting array of possibilities and real opportunities for people who are creative, innovative and have entrepreneurial sense."

Tech
Calling all geeks: Have you got a mind for technology and a passion for business? This could be the industry for you. If franchising is your tech dream, consider starting a tech support or consulting company--industrywide, franchise units in our most recent Franchise 500 grew 13 percent in 2006 over the year before. If you're a true maverick, though, you can jump into the exciting world of Web 2.0--where advances like social networks, blogs, podcasts, wikis, RSS feeds and the like have turned the dotcom business model on its head. Today, web innovators are coming up with better ways for end-users to share information and are creating applications and websites where shared video or user-generated content is king. Just a glimpse of the marketplace: The web gained a record 30.9 million sites in 2006--a 41.5 percent jump from a year earlier, according to data from research firm Netcraft. And according to data from Hitwise, in early 2007, visits to the top 20 social networking sites like MySpace and Facebook grew 11.5 percent in one month alone.

Although a lot of hugely successful companies are already out there, a startup can get in with the right niche. "The web is the great equalizer," says Jeff Stibel, CEO of Web.com, a provider of websites and services that has created over 4 million websites for small businesses. "It's the only place where a small business can compete nationally." He suggests starting a company with a great Web 1.0 foundation--a solid web address with an appealing design that works well for customers and first-rate search engine optimization to point users to your site.

Most important, though--fill a need. "If you say, ‘I'm going to do what Facebook or YouTube does,' it won't work," says Stibel. "But if you solve a market need, you conquer that niche and expand from there."

Conquering a niche is precisely what Greg Demetriades did when he founded WhiteBlox, an IPTV software suite, in 2005. The company sells IP video solutions so businesses can broadcast interactive IPTV content under the banner of their own brands. It's a subsidiary of his parent company, Continental Vista Broadcasting Group Inc., an IPTV provider that delivers interactive broadband TV content globally, started in 2003. Demetriades, 46, sells his WhiteBlox technologies to media, entertainment and sports-related companies--even contracting with the Indy Racing League to broadcast all its races online through 2009, including the famous Indy 500. "We allow [customers] to mix and match and build their own broadcast networks," he says. WhiteBlox also enables interactivity with tools for polls, contests, chats, forums, blogging and even sending live messages to the announcers at an event. Located in The Woodlands, Texas, the company projects 2007 sales of $16 million.

To make your mark in the tech space, be on the lookout for trends. Says Stibel, "It's a matter of keeping your eyes wide open."

If you're a pet lover, consider getting into the fast-growing pet products and services industry. Pets are a part of the family in 63 percent of U.S. households. In fact, in 2006, Americans spent $38.5 billion on pet products and services--a figure expected to rise to over $40 billion in 2007, according to the American Pet Product Manufacturers Association. Traditional pet lovers might consider a pet franchise business like pet grooming, pet products, pet walking or training. In fact, in our 2007 Franchise 500, the number of pet-related franchise units grew 23 percent from 2005 to 2006.

There are many niches in which to start your profitable pet business, according to APPMA president Bob Vetere. Natural and organic pet food is a particularly hot area, he notes. Much like in the human world, where green products are all the rage, green pet products are quickly gaining in popularity. "Any trend you see in human foods, about six months later, it pops up on the pet food side of the ledger," says Vetere. "This is what's happening with organics and naturals. It's finally dawned on marketers that the same person who's buying food for the family is buying food for the pet."

Convenience products are heating up as well--from automatic feeding devices and timed watering devices to automatic pet doors--anything that allows owners to have a busy lifestyle while still taking care of their pets is hot, notes Vetere. On the same convenience trend, consider pet services--pooper scoopers, for instance--to do the dirty work that many pet owners would rather pay someone else to do.

And just as moms buy top-notch products for their children, many pet owners are all about luxury for their precious pets. If it's high-end or a treat, pet parents will want it. That's what Janet McCulley, 39, and Georgia Goldberg, 44, found when they started Muttropolis, a chain of upscale pet boutiques based in Solana Beach, California. Janet McCulley, a proud pet parent herself to dogs Lulu, Sepia and Zoltan, knew she wasn't alone in wanting to pamper her dogs. She researched the market and opened the doors to her first store in 2002; four more locations and an online store have followed.

McCulley describes the business as "retail meets the dog park." Aside from offering upscale products such as Swarovski crystal dog collars and eco-friendly chew toys, McCulley designed special fixtures in her stores to appeal to the discerning pet lover. Photographic tiles on the ground look like grass, a fountain in the center is full of dog toys, and tree graphics on the walls complete the look.

Winning the "Hottest Retail Concept of 2006" award from the International Council of Shopping Centers was a coup, but it's at the monthly Mutt Meet-Up events, where owners bring in their pets for fun and mingling, that McCulley sees the fruits of her success. "We have created a brand that resonates emotionally with the pet parent," she says. With 2007 sales projected at more than $4.5 million and plans to open 150 more locations within the next five years, Muttropolis is sure to become a household name among the two- and four-legged alike.

Marketing and Advertsising
Companies always need new clients, so if you've got a knack for getting customers to buy, think about starting a marketing and advertising business. Aspiring marketers can go the franchise route with diverse opportunities ranging from direct mail and coupons to promotional products and outdoor media.

But if you want to be a trendsetter, check out the online ad marketplace. It's a booming market--online ad spending alone hit $16.9 billion in 2006, a 35 percent leap from 2005, according to a joint report from the Interactive Advertising Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers. Trends shaping the industry include the use of audio and video technology in online marketing campaigns as well as integrating online and offline marketing for clients, notes Chip Cummings, a marketing consultant and author of Stop Selling and Start Listening! Marketing Strategies That Create Top Producers. "It's not just being on top of the technology, because the technology itself isn't going to sell anybody products or services," Cummings says. "It's the creative use of that technology."

Finding a creative use of technology is exactly what has catapulted Blue Lithium Inc., an online advertising network in San Jose, California. Founded by Gurbaksh Chahal in 2005, the company provides specifically targeted marketing for clients, using data from 145 million consumers worldwide. "That [online] advertising model is focused on display media--banner ads, [etc.]. The model I wanted to recreate was using different ways to add data and using data to create sophistication around individual users," says Chahal. "So when you're serving an ad, it's actually relevant to that user--because you know they're male or female or you know something about their lifestyle through different data sources you can aggregate over time."

Chahal's expertise in providing targeted online ads has grown his startup at least 100 percent per year, pushing 2007 sales projections to nearly $100 million. Working with clients like Anheuser-Busch, Best Buy and Verizon, Chahal, 25, is looking to grow his company into international markets such as Germany, Italy and Spain in the near future. Staying ahead of this rapidly changing market is the order of the day. "You've got to make sure you continue to evolve with it and [that] you're evolving faster than the industry is evolving," says Chahal. "Every couple of years there's a bigger company out there. Before it was Yahoo!; now it's Google. There's a trend going on, and whoever is creating the trend ends up being the winner."

The Subtle Art of Self-Promotion on the Job

by Marshall Loeb

provided by

n today's work world -- where companies are regularly acquired by competitors, departments are repeatedly reshuffled and staff members always seem to be moving up or moving on -- it's easy for your accomplishments to be overlooked.

To ensure that you get the recognition you deserve, it's important to master the subtle art of self promotion.

Here are five ways to highlight your achievements without making yourself look like a braggart or a buffoon. They come from "Selling Yourself Without Selling Out," a book by Gina Hernez-Broome, Cindy McLaughlin and Stephanie Trovas of the Center for Creative Leadership, a nonprofit training organization:

Educate up. If your boss is too busy to stay abreast of your activities, make it your job to keep her up-to-date. Schedule a weekly meeting or send regular emails detailing your accomplishments and addressing any issues. But keep the remarks concise, informative and balanced. "Don't talk about you, talk about the broader organizational impact of your actions," says Trovas.

Expand your network. Say good-bye to the old bunker mentality and make an effort to reach out to people outside your department. You can ask them to participate in a cross-departmental project or simply sit in on a meeting. Not only does this encourage collaboration, but also it's a natural way to spread the word about what you're working on. "By inviting new people into the fold, you're creating more visibility for yourself and your team," says Trovas.

Tap other people's expertise. Many of us assume that asking for help makes us look weak or incompetent. In fact, tapping other people's expertise can help you build a stronger network. By asking for help, you're not signifying that you don't know what you're doing; you're simply acknowledging that your colleagues have complementary skills -- a gesture they're sure to appreciate and remember.

Acknowledge your team. If you tend to underplay your own accomplishments out of modesty, one of the most comfortable means to gain visibility is to acknowledge the efforts of your team. "In this way, you're talking about a collective effort and taking the focus off the individual," says Trovas.

Celebrate success. If your team or department has just made a big sale or completed a long-term project, don't be shy about it. Give a party, print some t-shirts or send out an office-wide email praising everyone's efforts. Celebrating will help you advertise your achievements and set the office abuzz.

The Best Places to Launch a Career

by Lindsey Gerdes

provided by

Accountants used to be spoofed as bean counters—dutiful, middle-aged, gray-suited men with considerable analytical expertise but little charisma. That was during the good times. After their uninspiring performances in the corporate scandals of recent years, accounting seemed like a profession without much of a future, and the firms certainly no place to launch a career. Scratch that. This year accountants became sexy. Accounting firms dominated BusinessWeek's second annual ranking of the best companies for new college graduates: Deloitte & Touche is No. 1, followed by PricewaterhouseCoopers and Ernst & Young. The last of the Big Four, KPMG, moved up four spots, to No. 11.

Why did the accounting firms do so well? Enormous demand. Across industries, there is a mad scramble to recruit the best and brightest of a new generation, the much-maligned, heavily scrutinized Gen Y. Nowhere is the pressure more intense than in the Big Four. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act has so greatly increased the need for their services that the firms are facing an epic talent shortage.

That has put them in an unusual position: They are among the first to rethink how to recruit college grads, keep them happy on the job, or just keep them at all. Ernst & Young uses Facebook to let prospective employees talk freely with real ones. Deloitte will show a rap video about office life—made by interns—to give students a realistic view of the company. And PwC requires some bosses to get a second opinion on their evaluations of new hires to make sure the feedback is clear enough, the goals ambitious enough for kids who are uncomfortable with ambiguity. Welcome to the post-millennial world.

The Google Effect

Our ranking is based on three extensive surveys: of career services directors at U.S. colleges, the employers they identify as the best for new graduates, and college students themselves. This year we were able to examine the records of many more companies, which allowed us to expand our list of employers from 55 to 95 and broaden our view of the corporate landscape. Several newcomers, including PwC, IBM, and Microsoft, eclipsed last year's favorites. Walt Disney had been No. 1; this year it fell to No. 7. Last year's No. 2, Lockheed Martin, slipped to No. 9.

There were a number of surprises beyond the rise of the accounting firms. Only nine companies in the top 50 last year offered starting salaries of at least $55,000. This year twice that many pay big money; among them are the brand-name tech companies, where, thanks to the Google effect, first-year salaries now average $60,000 to $65,000 (and that's before bonuses). We also saw the three pharmaceutical companies surveyed last year fall in the rankings. Merck & Co. (MRK) (No. 49), which was in the news because of its problems with Vioxx, did poorly in the student poll.

The Top Ten Best Places to Launch a Career

Employer (2007 rank) 2006 Entry-Level Hires Average Pay (in thousands)

1. Deloitte & Trouche

1,995

$50-$55

2. PricewaterhouseCoopers

3,744

$50-$55

3. Ernst & Young

3,250

$50-$55

4. IBM (IBM)

1,962

$60-$65

5. Google (GOOG)

NA

NA

6. Microsoft (MSFT)

1,350

$70 and above

7. Walt Disney (DIS)

NA

$50-$55

8. Accenture (ACN)

1,040

$55-$60

9. Lockheed Martin

4,573

$50-$55

10. Teach for America

2,503

$35-$40

*For the full list of the 95 Best Places to Launch a Career, go to BusinessWeek.

Our survey shows how some of the smartest employers are starting to deal with a new generation that expects a very different workplace from the one of their parents. The intense desire to hire young graduates is prompted by the retirement of the boomers, of course, but also the dead certainty among executives that their success marketing to youthful consumers depends on the insights of IM-ing, YouTube-watching twentysomethings who are often heralded for their tech savvy, if not much else.

The employers that did best in our ranking recognize that they have to accommodate this new generation. Many of them are trying to appeal to Gen Y by making themselves more transparent, flexible, responsive, even nurturing. Their initiatives range from the conventional (more vacation) to the questionable (a faux sitcom about office life).

So who are these people? Officially, this generation comprises the 78 million born between 1982 and 2000 who began entering the workforce three years ago. They are supposed to be the hothouse kids: praised and coddled from infancy and watched over by their parents well into adulthood. As employees, they are said to have high expectations and demand meaningful work, constructive feedback, and positions of influence within their organizations. In other words, they want a seat at the table, or they'll walk. "It is crucial for us to meet the students partway," says Ernst & Young's director of campus recruitment, Dan Black. "If you don't make an effort to provide an environment in which this generation can do their best, they're going to find one where they can."

Naturally, there are managers who don't think the special treatment is necessary. At Microsoft Corp. (No. 6), for example, interviewees visiting its headquarters are offered concierge services. A few lucky interns at Ernst & Young get to fly with the chief executive on the corporate jet to a conference in Orlando. And there are experts who believe companies are making empty promises about how much a 22-year-old can really contribute. "I don't care how brilliant you are, when you start out in a job, you're not going to run things," says Courtney E. Anderson, founder of Courtney Anderson & Associates, a firm that provides workplace consulting.

You won't hear that note of skepticism at the accounting firms. Indeed, few are trying harder to connect with Gen Y than they are. Deloitte alone estimates it will need to hire as many as 50,000 employees in the next five years. Luckily for them, the Enron era left an impression on some Gen Yers that few expected: Accountants don't have to labor thanklessly and out of sight; they can be vital to the fortunes of a company. "I thought those occurrences would cause people to shy away from the discipline. Instead it's done the opposite," says John J. Fernandes, the president of the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International. "I think that people want to be in an important position that's visible."

Indeed, the number of U.S. students graduating from college with accounting degrees has risen almost 29% since 2002. But accounting firms are also competing with high-paying, bonus-giving investment banks as well as major corporations. So the Big Four are falling over themselves to win the favor of Generation Y. "The ability to recruit and retain younger workers will become critical," says Barry Salzberg, CEO ofDeloitte & Touche USA. "In many ways, Gen Y is our future."

And in facing that future, one of the most important lessons the accounting firms and others have learned is that Gen Yers appreciate straight talk about what they can expect from the workplace. "It's all about authenticity," says Andrea S. Hershatter, the director of the undergraduate business program at Emory University. As consumers, these twentysomethings expect that the promise of the brand will match the reality. If it doesn't, they'll try something else. Same goes for the workplace.

New York Life Insurance (No. 47) is one of those experimenting with a real-world introduction to corporate life. Last year it faced up to a dismal reality: Only 3% of corporate interns accepted full-time positions, one of the worst rates in the industry. So instead of showering this year's interns with frivolous perks and other goodies, it did the exact opposite—it took away their Friday afternoons off, ordered them into classes on business etiquette, and put them to work brainstorming about how to make the company's products more appealing to Gen Y. The company says it may use elements of the winning marketing campaign, which targeted young people during critical periods in their lives.

Putting Interns to Work

New York Life doesn't know if its new approach worked, but more than 90% of the interns said they would like to receive an offer. "They want a challenge," says program head Elizabeth King. "We don't treat them as kids, we treat them as employees." Employees, that is, who in their first weeks on the job get to make suggestions about how to improve operations.

Other companies are taking more risks, wandering way out of their comfort zones to meet Gen Yers on their own turf. At Ernst & Young, the recruiter, Black, launched a Facebook campaign in July, 2006, which now brings together some 10,000 employees and job seekers in an open forum to discuss the application process and prospective workplace. "This lack of control is something that is very new and makes a lot of larger organizations uncomfortable," he says with considerable understatement. He has received calls from other recruiters asking how he persuaded management to go along with the idea. "It was difficult for that group because clearly FaceBook was a new concept, but they thought the reward of reaching Gen Y in a meaningful way would be worth the risk."

The message board is generally full of serious questions and enthusiastic responses. There is, however, the occasional skeptic about the forum: "This is the lamest thing I have ever seen," wrote one student. Black can live with that. "We knew going in we would get feedback that wasn't exactly positive," he says.

JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s (JPM) investment bank (No. 17) might be tempted to use as its recruiting pitch the $68,000 average bonus it handed out in 2006 to first-year employees. Instead, it is actually trying to give Gen Yers a realistic sense of what they have to do to earn that money. It allowed a New York University film grad to shadow three young employees for a documentary-style film that will be posted online this month. After, that is, company officials approve it.

Presenting a Real Picture of the Real World

Deloitte has also opened up a bit in an effort to present a real picture of working life to potential recruits. It asked employees to create short videos describing what the company means to them. Nearly 400 videos were judged by a group of interns and employees of all ages. The dozen or so best will be part of Deloitte's campus recruiting efforts. One of them is a rap video. If the head of the selection panel, a partner at the firm, no less, had any reservations about rap, he kept them to himself. Instead, ever so gently, he expressed concern about the video's references to long hours and difficult work assignments: Wouldn't that dissuade students? A few interns didn't hesitate to set him straight. "You want to be busy," said Cindy Quintanilla, an intern in Dallas. Steve Mai, an intern in New York, added: "If all they did was talk about the good stuff, then I'd be skeptical."

But when it comes to asking older managers to set aside their doubts and get involved, PwC has gone even further than Deloitte. It has justlaunched an online recruiting campaign that includes a faux sitcom. Called The Firm, it features real employees acting out scenarios in which the female Gen Y star has awkward interactions with older employees. That's right, real, older employees. Senior partner Bob is "kinda scary," and Blake, a senior associate, apparently smells. "We hear all the time that students are interested in what it's like in the workplace," says Amy Thompson, PwC's national director of campus recruiting. "This is a funny way to talk about a serious subject."

Aside from giving up control, putting themselves in uncomfortable positions, and in general spending an awful lot of time thinking about how to please kids who would like nothing more than to have their jobs, managers are also expected to relearn how to manage. Specifically, they are supposed to deal with young employees who have lived in a constant feedback loop.

It has been said that Gen Y needs buckets of praise. In fact, in many cases these folks are looking for honest appraisals of their work. Boeing Co. (BA) (No. 14) is starting to move in that direction. The aerospace giant has one of the lowest retention rates in its industry (59%), and one way it hopes to improve upon this is by teaching managers how to deliver criticism—harsh, if necessary—along with praise. "We're starting to tell our managers that we want them to have very clear and candid conversations with their employees," says Julie-Ellen Acosta, vice-president for leadership development. And that's for employees of all ages.

The company is retooling its training to reflect the new philosophy. The goal: more ongoing and personalized feedback and more honesty. "The managers are worried about hurting people's feelings," says Richard Stephens, senior vice-president for human resources. "We want to let them know it's O.K. to have those conversations."

Gen Y: Wants Honest Feedback, Progress Reports

Here's another thing about Gen Y that managers are starting to figure out: Twentysomethings want not just honest feedback but also routine conversations about their progress and their career paths. This generation, says Emory's Hershatter, feels "entitled to have others support them in their efforts to accomplish and achieve." And that means right from the start. Abbott Laboratories (No. 15) recently began an extended orientation that includes goals for the first, second, and third months on the job, as well as the promise of consistent dialogue with managers. "People have the expectation of a more planned and deliberate approach," says Ann Johnston, director of learning and development.

PwC is taking this approach even further. A few years ago the company resolved to let employees themselves decide when during their first 90 days they would sit down with their boss for a performance review. (After that, they could do so every month if they choose to.) And, get this, a second reader is supposed to review the initial written evaluation to make sure it is sufficiently clear.

Some companies are even giving employees more say over how their careers will unfold. In the first two months after KPMG launched a Web-based training program to better prepare young employees and their managers to talk about career building, more than 9,300 employees logged on. Some 2,500 created their own (ideal) career paths.

As a concession to the expressed desire of some millennials to do good before they do well, 15 companies and investment banks are allowing new hires to defer employment for two years. During that time they teach at troubled high schools around the country through Teach for America (No. 10).

Some companies have decided it makes more sense, and is less costly, to test their new programs on a few lucky souls first. At DHL (No. 78), executives weren't sure about training people "so new you had to tell them how to tie their shoelaces," says Paul Read, the director of sales training. The company, which usually hires experienced salespeople, decided to offer an 11-week program to recent college grads—but only to nine. Pooja Shambhu, a 24-year-old Purdue University grad who went through the intensive course, says: "The first time I went out on my own, the feeling was unbelievable. Within two weeks, I won my first account."

DHL executives aren't complaining anymore. They say the new hires generate more revenue and more shipments per sale. This year the company expanded the program to 19 people. "They were hungrier and more easily moldable than the other reps," says Read. Now he just hopes these well-trained salespeople stay for a while.

Of course, some companies are establishing policies that everyone can take advantage of. IBM (No. 4) introduced ThinkPlace, an online suggestion box to help it cull the best ideas from its global workforce. And over at that other tech company, Google Inc. (No. 5), there are free lunches and on-site massages. But perhaps the most popular perk is that employees, all of them, are allowed to devote one day a week to developing new ideas.

And the accounting firms, for all of their out-there experiments, are making use of some more traditional incentives, too. PwC has instituted an extra 11-day firmwide vacation. Ernst & Young offers four-day weekends several times during the summer. And KPMG declared that every summer weekend starts at 3 p.m. Friday. You don't have to be under 25 to qualify.

How Many Stocks Should You Own?

by Jason Zweig

provided by

With the stock market as bouncy as a beat-up couch, you may be thinking it's time to focus on a small number of stocks that you know really well. What better way to keep returns up and risk down?

Conventional wisdom and new academic research certainly seem to suggest that this is the way to go. Many financial planners and brokers will tell you that a portfolio of as few as 12 stocks (and up to 30) will sufficiently diversify your holdings.

And three recent studies have found that individuals who own fewer stocks do better than those who own many.


However, as is often the case with conventional wisdom (and academic research), there's a lot more to the story. Fact is, if you build your portfolio entirely on the principle of "less is more," you're a lot more likely to end up with less than more. Here's why and what to do instead.

Those were the days

The idea that 12 to 30 stocks are all you need dates back at least to the 1960s, when academics, including Burton Malkiel, author of the classic "A Random Walk Down Wall Street," concluded that that's what it took to eliminate most of the risk from a portfolio. (They usually defined "risk" as the chance of suffering big swings away from the average market return.)

But back in the days of hula hoops and transistor radios, and before computer-generated trading became common, stocks didn't bounce around the way they do today. In 2001, Malkiel found that it took 50 stocks to get the risk reduction that 20 used to provide. Others estimate that true diversification requires hundreds of stocks.

The focus factor

Just recently, however, researchers studying the performance of individual investors have discovered something that, at first glance, seems electrifying: The more concentrated a portfolio is, the higher the returns. One study found that investors whose portfolios were dominated by one or two stocks outperformed the most diversified stock owners by 0.8 to 4.8 percentage points annually on average. That's a huge gap. And roughly 8 percent of the top performers had portfolios concentrated in a single stock.

So the heck with diversification, right?

Well, not exactly. First, the least-diversified investors frequently lagged the market; they just lagged by less than investors who held more stocks.

Second, because stock returns are so uneven, the "average" undiversified investor doesn't really exist. At any given point, there are something like 10,000 stocks in the United States. Most of them are mediocre, but a handful are what Bill Bernstein of Efficient Frontier Advisers dubs "superstocks," capable of delivering gargantuan returns for years. Think Microsoft in the '90s, when it returned 9,000 percent. (More often superstocks are lesser-known companies.)

Across a large group of people whose portfolios are mostly in one or two stocks, the lucky few with superstock portfolios will make the group's average return look great, even if the vast majority of individual members have lousy or middling results.

On the other hand, investors who spread their bets across dozens of stocks have only a slightly better chance at catching a superstock. And if they do land one, it won't have nearly as much impact on their portfolios, or on the group's average return.

So the real story is that you need a lot of stocks to be adequately diversified, and you need a concentrated portfolio to give yourself a shot at striking it rich. An unsolvable catch-22? Hardly. In fact, you can have it both ways by employing a straightforward, two-part strategy.

First, direct 90 percent of your U.S. equity allocation into a total stock market index fund that automatically gives you a stake in thousands of companies. That guarantees you a piece of every superstock that already exists or might emerge later - and, more important, it means you'll be adequately diversified and your investing costs will be at rock bottom.

Then pursue your search for the next Microsoft or Google by researching the daylights out of a very small number of companies and putting the remaining 10 percent of your portfolio into your one-to-three best ideas. This way you'll let yourself have a little fun. You will also minimize your risk and maximize your hope.

Copyrighted, CNNMoney. All Rights Reserved.

Wednesday, 12 September 2007

Bulls may resume charge soon?

By CONRAD TAN

THE next bull market in equities is just around the corner despite the current turmoil in financial markets, a top US investment manager said here yesterday.

According to Ken Fisher, founder and chief executive officer of private money management firm Fisher Investments, which looks after US$35 billion of assets, investors should be 'aggressive' in buying shares.

He recommends that the materials, industrials and energy stocks but not big blue chips. And he expects 'a big up-move ahead later in the year tied to takeovers and share buy-backs'.

He also reckons the current uncertainty in the financial markets is encouraging companies and investors to hoard cash, which 'at some point comes out'.

Mr Fisher, who writes a regular investment column for Forbes magazine, is in town for the three-day Forbes Global CEO Conference which started yesterday.

Another guest speaker at the conference, Prof Michael Spence, who won the 2001 Nobel Prize for economics, said that the problems in the US sub-prime mortgage market are unlikely to have an 'excessive impact' on the global economy or Asia. 'I don't think Asian countries are particularly vulnerable now,' he told reporters.

Mr Fisher argued that despite fears of a credit crunch, the cost of borrowing for an average company with a triple-B credit rating is still cheaper than in June, before the current financial market turbulence started. 'The only part of the world where the rates have gone up is at the junk-end.'

On average, corporate earnings yields, or a company's earnings per share as a proportion of its share price, are still above 6 per cent for a typical company that trades at 15 times earnings per share, he said. This compares with after-tax borrowing costs of about 4 per cent for an average company with a triple-B credit rating.

The difference in borrowing costs and earnings yields still makes it highly attractive for companies to issue debt and buy back their own shares or acquire other companies, which Mr Fisher predicts will drive the next round of share price increases once investor confidence returns, which he expects will happen by Christmas.

Meanwhile, with investors demanding higher returns for staking money on 'junk' or high-risk bonds, smaller companies with poor credit ratings will be less able to defend themselves against a takeover by borrowing to raise cash, he said. 'Sub-prime actually sets the stage for the next level of takeovers.'

Rather than buying blue chip shares, he advises investors to look at 'companies that seem a little junkier' because these are the most likely to see their share price rising when the takeover wave resumes.

Sub-prime spook was exaggerated, could vanish by Halloween: Analyst

By Johnson Choo

IT was the "goblin" that wreaked havoc on markets the world over but come Oct 31, investors may be celebrating Halloween for more reasons than one.
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The goblin that is the impact of the United States sub-prime mortgage problems could go away as early as then, and growth would return by year-end in time for Christmas, said Mr Ken Fisher, CEO of Fisher Investment.
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Saying the sub-prime spook had been exaggerated, Mr Fisher likened it to the scare caused by the Y2K millennium bug and the avian flu warnings, where the perceived risks were greater than the actual threat to the global economy.
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"The fact is, if every sub-prime mortgage that could possibly default defaulted, the most it could do is slow down US gross domestic product some," he told the media on the sidelines of the Forbes Global CEO Conference here yesterday.
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"The US economy may slow down, but so what? Because the US is the biggest economy, they tend to think that when the US gets a cold, the world is going to get pneumonia. This, today, is wrong," said Mr Fisher, a long-running Forbes Magazine columnist with a reputation for accurately forecasting market trends such as the bursting of the dotcom bubble in March 2000.
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He could well be proven right again. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is reportedly raising its world economic growth forecast upwards to 5.3 per cent from the 5.2 per cent it indicated in July.
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This is even as it expects the US economy to grow at a slower 1.9 per cent, versus July's forecast of 2 per cent, according to Financial Times Deutschland, citing unnamed sources.
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The IMF expects global growth next year to be 5.2 per cent, and US growth to pick up speed to 2.8 per cent. As for China, the forecast this year has been raised from 11.2 per cent to 11.5 per cent.
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With the US' GDP of US$13 trillion ($19.8 trillion) contributing to only about a third of the US$42 trillion global GDP, the shrinking US economy should actually be led by the performance of the larger non-US economies combined, Mr Fisher said.
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Even so, the two economic powerhouses — China and India — would still be affected by a big slowdown in the US economy, said Nobel Laureate Michael Spence, speaking separately on the sidelines of the conference.

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But things could be different in 10 years, he added.
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"In 1981, when China grew at 9 to 10 per cent, it didn't make a bit of a difference to the global economy — it was a tiny little economy. Now it is rather large," said Prof Spence, who won the Nobel Prize in 2001 for economics and is Professor Emeritus of management with the Stanford Graduate School of Business.
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The 10 per cent growth enjoyed by China last year is equal to about 2 per cent of the US GDP, and the professor believes that at current exchange rates, the Chinese economy could be worth up to US$4 trillion in the next three to four years.
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While the longer term outlook may still be healthy, Mr Tharman Shanmugaratnam, Minister for Education and Second Minister for Finance, warned at a separate event yesterday: "The re-pricing of risk in financial markets is probably not over. There is also increased uncertainty in the near term for the US economy, which could impact the outlook in Asia."
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Speaking at the opening ceremony of a new office for SG Private Banking, he added: "It is too early to say what the economic impact in Asia will be. Should the US economy slow down sharply, Asia will certainly feel the drag."

Saturday, 8 September 2007

Top 10 Wealth-Management Pitfalls

By Sue Stevens, CFA, CFP, CPA

You're smart. You're well-educated. You're doing well in life. Then why are you so worried about losing it all? Or worse yet, maybe you aren't worried and you should be.

Let's take a look at some of the biggest pitfalls on the road to wealth. If you're truly going to be successful, you'll need to navigate carefully through the many hazards along the way.

1. Leaving Assets Unprotected
It's not going to do you much good to build up your wealth if you let it slip through your fingers. Any number of catastrophes can occur along the way. Have you really protected yourself and your family?

Do you have adequate life insurance? If you died tomorrow, would your spouse or loved ones have money to pay some of their biggest expenses like college or paying off the mortgage balance? Would they be able to stay in the same house and still be able to pay the bills? Life insurance can help protect the assets you've built up by sheltering them from estate tax and providing income replacement for your family. This is especially important when you have young children, a nonworking spouse, or a big mortgage. You'll want to consider these needs as you weigh the cost of life insurance.

Another potential wealth destroyer is the dizzying cost of medical care in your later years. Have you considered long-term care insurance? According to a study by the New England Journal of Medicine, 43% of people age 65 are expected to enter a nursing home at least once before they die. Many people are in denial about long-term care. If you don't have a relative or family friend who has gone through this process, you may not have given it much thought at all. For those of you who have experienced it first-hand, you know the physical, mental, and financial strain that aging relatives can bring to the whole family. Does everyone need long-term care? No. The very rich can self-insure, and the very poor won't be able to afford it. For everyone else, it's worth taking a look at these policies.

Finally, consider how you are protecting your personal property. Is your home protected from fire, weather disasters, and theft? How about acts of terrorism? Take a look at your homeowners insurance to be sure. You should also have adequate coverage on your auto insurance. If you or someone in your family had an accident, would your insurance company pay for the damage? What about lawsuits that could arise from an accident? Check to see what the underlying liability coverage is for both homeowners and auto insurance. Protect yourself from property lawsuits by purchasing an "umbrella" policy. These policies build on the underlying liability levels in your homeowners and auto policies and take your coverage up to the $1 million range. The more wealth you've accumulated, the more umbrella coverage you should carry.

2. Mismanaging Cash Flow
The most successful wealth managers know that they must be disciplined in their spending. It's so easy to let expenses creep up as you make more and more money. If you're not careful, those expenses can kill your chances of capitalizing on that wealth. The first rule of any good financial plan is to pay yourself first. Make sure you are putting away a healthy portion of your income and investing it. Don't live beyond your means.

Another aspect of managing cash flow is minimizing taxes. As your return gets more and more complex, you need to find professional help to take advantage of every deduction you're entitled to. Your accountant can also help identify other opportunities like additional retirement funding vehicles, mortgage refinancing strategies, and/or estate planning techniques. At the very least, you should be discussing ways to use capital loss carryforwards (many of you will have these) to your advantage.

During your working years, it is critical that you carry disability insurance. Many of you can purchase this coverage through your employer. Take advantage of the opportunity to protect your income should something prevent you from working. It's far more probable that you'll have a disability claim than a life insurance claim, and yet many people ignore this important coverage.

3. Mismanaging Debt
A well-run company knows how to manage its debt. You need to think about debt management in your personal life, too. How much debt is too much? Look at your shorter-term debts first--such as credit card debt, car loans, bank loans (other than mortgages), and student loans. If your short-term loans add up to more than your liquid assets are worth, you probably have too much short-term debt. (Liquid assets include cash accounts, brokerage accounts, and cash surrender value of life insurance policies.) If you find yourself in this situation, you should (at the very least) examine the interest rates you are paying on each loan and try to consolidate your debt at a lower interest rate. Home equity lines of credit work well in many situations because not only are interest rates low, but the interest is tax deductible.

Mortgages can be a good way of managing debt because you get a tax break on the mortgage interest. But even with your mortgage you should exercise some caution. Taking on more debt makes it harder to adjust should you find your circumstances change (for instance, you lose your job). If at all possible, I'd try to keep mortgage debt below 75% of the value of the property. Just paying your mortgage every two weeks throughout the year helps to cut overall interest payments over the life of the loan.

4. Neglecting Your Finances
One of the biggest mistakes I see in wealth management is plain old lack of attention. People are very busy. Sometimes personal finance takes a backseat to other more pressing matters. But if you take that approach, you may wind up feeling that the years have flown by and you haven't made much progress. Successful wealth creation takes a commitment of time.

5. Choosing the Wrong Investment Strategy
I've written entire articles about the pitfalls of investing. Even if you're able to generate a considerable amount of income, you have to know how to protect and preserve that capital.

One pitfall a lot of people have experienced in the past several years is misjudging your risk tolerance. When the market just keeps going up, it's easy to think you can handle the risk. But after seeing what happened in 2000-02, many investors rethought how much risk (or loss) is acceptable to them. Even as the market sets new highs now, it's important not to forget the risk involved.

Another common mistake is not rebalancing periodically. Many people refuse to sell if they've lost money on an investment. If your mix of stocks, bonds, and cash (your asset allocation) makes you very uncomfortable, you need to think about taking some losses and moving to an asset allocation that is in line with your ability to handle risk.

If you do realize losses, you can try to make the best of it by being tax-savvy. No one likes to lose money, but those losses can be a benefit at tax time. You can use $3,000 a year to offset ordinary income. You can net out an unlimited amount of capital gains and losses against each other. Any losses you can't use right away can be carried forward indefinitely. This is just one of many techniques you can use to create a tax-efficient portfolio.

6. Mismanaging Windfalls
Sometimes life hands you a little something extra. Maybe it's stock options or an inheritance or some other once-in-a-lifetime event. Now that you've got that money, what do you intend to do with it?

Many of you will benefit from professional advice in these types of situations. There are almost always tricky tax implications. For stock options, you have to understand what type of tax you may trigger upon exercise or sale of your shares: ordinary income tax, capital gains tax, alternative minimum tax, or all of the above. Careful planning can help you keep more of your windfall.

Over the next 10 years, $10 trillion will pass from generation to generation. Most heirs have no idea how to integrate that wealth into their own portfolios. For more on that topic, read "Six Steps for Investing an Inheritance."

7. Failing to Maximize Retirement Plan Benefits
Sadly, the majority of participants in company retirement plans don't put away anything close to the maximum contribution. For 2007, you can contribute $15,500 ($20,500 if you are over age 50 and your plan allows it) to 401(k) plans, 403(b) plans, and 457 plans. If you have a profit-sharing or SEP plan, you may be able to sock away as much as $44,000 a year.

If you are at the executive level of your business, in addition to the "qualified" types of plans discussed above, you may be able to take advantage of "nonqualified" plans. These plans allow you to put away money and defer paying tax on the income until a future date when you take withdrawals. These plans have fewer restrictions on how much and who can contribute than qualified plans do. The downside is that you cannot roll over these plans (in general) to an IRA. When you take distributions, they are immediately taxable. In addition, if your company goes bankrupt, your nonqualified assets are not protected. You'll stand in line with other creditors. Good planning can help you make the most of these opportunities.

Another potential retirement pitfall is making a mistake when rolling over your company retirement plan to a traditional IRA. It's important to understand the tax issues, cash flow considerations, and potential penalties. For more, read "Tips for Managing Rollover and Inherited IRAs." To better understand the "dos" and "don'ts" of pension planning, read "Set for Life Through Your Pension Plan?"

8. Drawing Down Assets in Retirement
One of the biggest fears retirees have right now is running out of money too soon. You need to spend time thinking carefully about what you'll have coming in during your retirement years as well as how much you expect to spend. You should probably seek professional help to quantify the probability of whether your assets will provide the type of retirement you've envisioned. For more ideas on drawing down assets in retirement, read "How to Tap Your Assets in Retirement."

Even with careful retirement planning, there's always going to be change. You'll need to revise your plan as time goes by. A healthy dose of common sense also goes a long way. In times when the economy is sluggish and the stock market is gloomy, you can at least control your own expenses. This can mean voluntarily tightening your belt by spending less as well as by choosing investments with low costs.

Once you reach age 70 1/2, you'll have to start taking withdrawals from traditional IRAs and most company plans. For more on how to calculate what to withdraw, read "How to Manage Retirement Portfolio Distributions." If you need a little help on structuring a portfolio in retirement, read "Model Portfolios for Retirees."

9. Failing to Plan Your Estate
The estate-planning arena is loaded with wealth-management pitfalls. Many of you may not have any plan in place at all. That's your biggest pitfall. The best way to care for your family if something happens to you is to put an estate plan in place. To find out more about what a surviving spouse will need to do, read "Prepare Your Spouse for Financial Independence" and "Financial Steps to Take When Someone Dies."

Other potential pitfalls include setting up a plan but forgetting to fund your trusts, and forgetting to change your beneficiary designations on life insurance, company benefits, IRAs, and other accounts. Another important part of your planning should include considerations for disability as well as death. Powers of attorney for health care and property can help if you are disabled. So can living trusts. For more on estate- and gift-tax issues, read "Top 10 Estate-Planning Mistakes."

10. Leaving Heirs Unprepared
One of the biggest concerns for families with significant wealth is how to teach their heirs how to responsibly manage the money they'll eventually inherit. You can set up children's trusts within your estate documents that stagger the ages for access to the money over time. For example, instead of giving the children all of their inheritance at age 25, when they may not be emotionally ready for it, you can give them part of it at age 25, another portion when they are 35, etc. If they "blow" the first installment, there is still a chance they can make the most of the remainder of the estate.

Having family meetings during your lifetime can also go a long way toward educating your loved ones on how to manage that wealth. It can also head off potential family squabbles over what your intentions are with respect to your assets.

Wednesday, 5 September 2007

Some useful online money making articles :)

Below are some really useful articles and advice for those interested making passive income on the internet. I have applied them to a great level of success as of today. Online money making is another of my passive income generators, besides divdends and interest from investments.

The best thing is, my online income is not subjected to the volatility in the stock market. :)

Affliliate Blogging for Profit: Monetising your Blog

Unravelling the Information Overload

Reaching the Turning Point in Affiliate Marketing

How to Perform Keyword Research

Confessions of a Clickbank Junkie

Affiliate Marketing on Squidoo

Sunday, 2 September 2007

Yes, You CAN Get Out of Debt

Are you carrying too much debt? Find out if you are, and learn ways to reduce your debt.

Yes, You CAN Get Out of Debt


In America today, carrying some debt is unavoidable, and even desirable, for most households. But between mortgages, car payments, and credit cards, many Americans find themselves over their heads -- unable to dig out from under a growing debt burden that consumes an ever growing portion of their resources.

The average U.S. household now has credit card debt of more than $9,300. Credit card companies have made running up that balance deceptively convenient. What's lost when you're on that spending spree is the realization that paying off your debt can be costly, in terms of both cash on hand and your overall financial health.

Assessing Your Debt


How much debt is too much? The figure varies from person to person, but in general, if more than 20% of your take-home pay goes to finance nonhousing debt or if your rent or mortgage payments exceed 30% of your monthly take-home pay, you may be overextended.

Other signs of overextension include not knowing how much you owe, constantly paying the minimum balance due on credit cards (or worse, being unable to make the minimum payments), and borrowing from one lender to pay another.

If you find that you're overextended, don't panic. There are a number of steps you can follow to eliminate that debt and get yourself back on track. Working your way out of debt will, of course, require you to adjust your spending habits and perhaps be more judicious in your spending.

Begin With a Budget


The first step in eliminating debt is to figure out where your money goes. This will enable you to see where your debt is coming from and, perhaps, help you to free up some cash to put toward debt.

Track your expenses for one month by writing down what you spend. You might consider keeping your ATM withdrawal slip and writing each expense on it until the money is gone. Hang on to receipts from credit card transactions and add them to the total.

At the end of the month, total up your expenses and break them down into two categories: Essential, including fixed expenses such as mortgage/rent, food, and utilities, and nonessential, including entertainment and meals out. Analyze your expenses to see where your spending can be reduced. Perhaps you can cut back on food expenses by bringing lunch to work instead of eating out each day. You might be able to reduce transportation costs by taking public transportation instead of parking your car at a pricey downtown garage. Even utility costs can be reduced by turning lights off, making fewer long-distance calls, or turning the thermostat down a few degrees in winter.

The goal is to reduce current spending so that you won't need to add to your debt and to free up as much cash as possible to cut down existing debt.

Three Steps to Reduce Debt


Once you've got your budget settled, you can begin to attack your existing debt with the following steps:

    Pay off high-rate debt first. The higher your interest rate, the more you wind up paying. Begin with your highest-rate credit cards and eliminate the balance as aggressively as possible. For example, assume you have two separate $2,000 balances, one charging 20% interest, the other 8%, on which you can pay a total of 6% per month. If you were to pay 4% per month on the higher-rate card and 2% on the lower-rate card (which is typically the minimum monthly payment), you would save $961 in interest and 18 months of payments over allocating 3% to each balance.

    Transfer high-rate debt to lower-rate cards. Consolidating credit card debts to a single, lower-rate card saves more than postage and paperwork. It also saves in interest costs over the life of the loan. Comparison shop for the best rates, and beware of "teaser" rates that start low, say, at 6%, then jump to much higher rates after the introductory period ends.

    You can find a list of low-rate cards online from CardTrak at www.cardtrak.com.

    If you can only find a card with a low introductory rate, maximize the value of that low-interest period. By paying off your balance aggressively, you will reduce the balance more quickly than you will when the rate goes up.

    You can also contact your current credit card companies to inquire about consolidation and lower rates. Competition in the industry is fierce, and many companies are willing to lower their rates to keep their customers. Even a percentage point or two can make a difference with a sizable balance.

    Borrow only for the long term. The best use of debt is to finance things that will gain in value, such as a home, an education, or big-ticket necessities, like a washing machine or a computer, that will still be around when the debt is paid off. Avoid using your credit card for concert tickets, vacation expenses, or meals out. By the time the balance is gone, you'll have paid far more than the cost of these items and have nothing but memories to show for it.

    By analyzing your spending, controlling expenses, and establishing a plan, you can reduce -- and perhaps eliminate -- your debt, leaving you with more money to save today and a better outlook for your financial future.

Beat Back 5 Financial Fears

by Jeanne Sahadi

Provided by CNNMoney.com

Everyone's got concerns when it comes to money, but some have fears that can really put a big hole in their financial future. Here's how to overcome five common ones.

1. Fear of coming clean with your partner

You know it's bad. So bad you'd really rather keep it to yourself. Why, you figure, ruin your partner's day with news of your mounting debt or the fact that you've been living off your savings?

Because if you don't, the truth will out at the worst possible time -- like when you go to apply for a mortgage and realize that your credit score or lack of savings is killing your chances of getting that house your partner loves. "Then that creates a double problem. Knowing is safer," said Ruth Hayden, author of "For Richer, Not Poorer: The Money Book for Couples."

Chances are you're afraid that your partner will think less of you and want to leave you or, possibly worse, try to control every dollar you spend from now on.

But remember, Hayden said, "you're more than money - there are so many more facets to a relationship. Plus, everyone has some kind of a downside. And money baggage is easier to deal with than others."

Try this: Have the conversation no matter what. It may be uncomfortable but it will pay off down the line, Hayden said. Then make an agreement about what you both want to achieve (e.g., pay down debt, save more for retirement, buy a house) and agree on what you'll both do (and won't do) to reach that goal. Beyond that, allow each other autonomy money - money you can spend that the other person can't question.

2. Fear of not fitting in

Social pressure to conform isn't in your imagination. Sheryl Garrett, founder of the Garrett Planning Network of fee-only financial advisors, has worked with plenty of couples who try to support lifestyles they can't afford because, they say, that's how people in their professions live. "They think they're doing what they're supposed to be doing," she said.

And they're afraid not to. She knows of one neighborhood in an affluent county of Kansas that's filled with lots of lovely homes that have no furniture in them because the homeowners are too strapped.

"They show that they have money. But it's all smoke and mirrors," she said.

Everyone wants immediate gratification. But Garrett points out that when it comes to your financial security - which your friends at the country club will never pay for - "you need indefinite gratification."

Try this: One way to lighten your load financially and emotionally is to "step back from the immediate and ask what you really want in life," Garrett said. Maybe it's an early exit from a high-paying career that leaves you cold, or a retirement that is as comfortable as your current lifestyle.

Whatever your goals, figure out where you can ratchet back your spending or boost your income or savings. If you're in a couple where only one of you works, it might involve the other person forfeiting the stay-at-home life for a return to the workforce.

3. Fear of being penniless

No matter how much you have, you're always mindful that financial catastrophe could strike. And you're right. It could.

But to focus on that possibility and become a money hoarder is, in some ways, to forfeit your life. "That kind of fear immobilizes us," said Sheryl Garrett, founder of the Garrett Planning Network of fee-only financial advisors. "There's danger and risk in virtually everything you do. And you can't allow fear to immobilize you."

Try this: Garrett suggests trying to come to terms with more likely and more narrowly defined risks. For example, you could get an illness or disability that prevents you from working for some period, so consider whether you're adequately insured for that possibility. And likewise, you could live a long life, so map out an adequate savings plan to ensure you live comfortably without running out of money.

Of course, if you have a pervasive fear of poverty, it's likely there can be no one quick fix. So if your fear controls your every financial move - to say nothing of your relationships - consider exploring the issue with a psychologist to unearth the roots of your fear. "What's unconscious will run you, and when it becomes conscious it loses its power over you," said Dr. James Gottfurcht, president of Psychology of Money Consultants in Los Angeles.

4. Fear of success and wealth

It's hard to ask for a raise. But it's doubly so when you secretly doubt you deserve it. So you may, unconsciously, sabotage yourself.

Sheryl Garrett, founder of the Garrett Planning Network of fee-only financial advisors, knew of one woman who made well-below market rate for her job at a charity. Not only did she not ask for a raise that would rectify that, she refused a raise that her board offered her because she felt the money would be better used on the charity's efforts. End result: She lived like a pauper and donated her financial security to the cause.

"First and foremost, you have to take care of yourself. It's not selfish to be responsible," Garrett said. Otherwise, you undercut your ability to take care of others long-term.

Try this: One way to think about a raise you don't feel worthy of on some level is to break down the numbers.

How much is a $5,000 annual raise per hour? If you work a standard work week, it's $2.40 an hour before taxes. After taxes, it's probably closer to $1.50. Do you really think if you're a valuable employee that you're not worth an extra $2.40 an hour? No? Your boss may disagree because she'll have to pay roughly 1.5 times your annual salary to replace you. So it's worth asking.

As with a raise, the financial cushion that can come with an inheritance from your parents or other windfall may feel undeserved because you didn't do much to earn it. But you can earn it now.

Try this: Take responsibility for your good fortune. Another former client of Garrett's inherited a great deal of family wealth he didn't feel he deserved. But rather than proving himself right and mismanaging the batch, he confronted his fear by learning to be a good steward of the money and preserving it for future generations. "He got a fishing pole and learned to fish," Garrett said.

5. Fear of taking the financial reins

College, taxes, retirement, long-term care ... thinking about them can trigger a full-blown migraine when financial planning isn't your thing.

So you tell yourself you're too busy, too ignorant or too behind the eight ball as it is. And if ever you got bad service from a broker or advisor, you remind yourself you'll never do that again.

Then you do nothing. But you know nothing is going to bite you someday.

Try this: To overcome your fear of taking charge financially, "work up a hierarchy of baby steps that don't trigger the fear," said Dr. James Gottfurcht, president of Psychology of Money Consultants in Los Angeles.

The first step is to condition yourself to feel safe. So if you're not saving for retirement - or just putting all your money in a money market fund - because you're afraid of investing, just read an article about investing. If that doesn't wipe you out, you're desensitizing yourself.

Next, "reality test" a specific part of your fear. So if you're afraid to talk to a certified financial planner because you don't know what to do and are easily intimidated, send up a trial balloon. Call a planner who comes recommended and make clear you're not ready to make any decisions today but you'd like to hear some of his ideas, Gottfurcht suggested.

Ask a friend, spouse or anyone who makes you feel safe to act as a financial sounding board.

After you've increased your comfort level, approach your fear in a painless, low-risk way. For example, if you're afraid of investing, earmark a small amount of money - say, $1,500 - and set up an automatic transfer of $100 a month from your bank account into a low-cost, broadly diversified index fund with a low minimum requirement such as the Vanguard STAR Fund (VGSTX).

"Turn off and put it on autopilot," said certified financial planner Mari Adam. In a few months, chances are fair you'll have made some money. But if your balance has declined, consider two things. First, that $100 you invest every month will actually buy more shares when stock prices are down, which is a good thing for long-term investing success. And second, if your balance is lower, it only becomes an actual loss if you sell.

All these small acts taken together can start to whittle down your initial fear. So can remembering what novelist Andre Gide said: "There are very few monsters who warrant the fear we have of them."

Copyrighted, CNNMoney. All Rights Reserved.

Your First Million Is the Toughest

by Chuck Saletta

The old saying that the rich get richer is very true. As long as you manage your money well, it's far easier to make money if you've already got some cash socked away than it is to start from scratch. The reason is simple: compounding.

When you've already got money working on your behalf, each percentage point of return simply adds that many more dollars to your account balances. After all, if a stock you own goes up in value, it's far better to own 10,000 shares than it is to own 100.

Start small
Fortunately, anyone with even a little cash to invest can take advantage of the power of compounding. It just takes a little while longer for the rest of us to get to the point where it can really work its magic.

To show how it works, here are a few charts that showcase how many years it takes to reach each $1 million threshold given that you regularly invest and earn a decent rate of return.

To go from $0 to $1 million:

Monthly
Contribution

8% Return

9% Return

10% Return

11% Return

$100

52.9 years

48.3 years

44.5 years

41.4 years

$250

41.6

38.3

35.5

33.1

$500

33.4

30.9

28.8

27.0

$1,000

25.5

23.9

22.4

21.2

$1,291.66

22.8

21.4

20.2

19.1

To go from $1 million to $2 million:

Monthly
Contribution

8% Return

9% Return

10% Return

11% Return

$100

8.6 years

7.7 years

6.9 years

6.3 years

$250

8.5

7.5

6.8

6.2

$500

8.2

7.4

6.7

6.1

$1,000

7.8

7.1

6.4

5.9

$1,291.66

7.6

6.9

6.3

5.7

To go from $2 million to $3 million:

Monthly
Contribution

8% Return

9% Return

10% Return

11% Return

$100

5.1 years

4.5 years

4.1 years

3.7 years

$250

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.7

$500

4.9

4.4

4.0

3.6

$1,000

4.8

4.3

3.9

3.5

$1,291.66

4.7

4.2

3.8

3.5

That $1,291.66 number didn't come out of thin air -- it represents the current maximum monthly contributions available in a 401(k) or 403(b) account for most people. What these charts mean is that you can go from $0 to $3 million in as few as 28 years with a little bit of determination to take advantage of the opportunities you have available. Most of that time is spent getting to that first million. Once you hit that milestone, compounding really takes over to help you reach your ultimate goal.

Get from here to there
The most difficult part is getting started. After all, if you're not already saving money now, going from $0 to nearly $1,300 a month may seem an impossible task. Fortunately, though, you can get some major assistance in your quest to invest.

For instance, any money you contribute to your traditional 401(k) or 403(b) plan to help you earn your millions will most likely come with an immediate tax reduction. Thanks to that tax break, it's as if Uncle Sam will kick in a significant chunk of that cash on your behalf, reducing the total out-of-pocket cost of your contribution. For folks in the 25% tax bracket, it works out to an out-of-pocket cost of only $75 per $100 of contributions -- a significant savings.

You really can get rich
Once you get started investing, though, the rest is largely a matter of owning solid companies and letting compounding work its magic. Over the past 20 years, for instance, the following companies have all produced decent returns:

Company

Price on
8/10/1987

Price on
8/10/2007

Dividends/
Spin-offs

Annualized
Return

Boeing (NYSE: BA)

$11.36

$98.44

$12.54

12.1%

United Technologies (NYSE: UTX)

$7.35

$73.08

$8.22

12.8%

Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM)

$2.73

$66.46

$17.12

18.7%

Wendy's (NYSE: WEN)

$11.25

$30.80

$42.23

9.8%

PepsiCo

$6.58

$67.95

$13.31

13.4%

General Mills (NYSE: GIS)

$10.24

$55.34

$18.70

10.4%

Automatic Data Processing (NYSE: ADP)

$6.31

$48.42

$10.98

11.9%

All values split-adjusted.

Those solid returns came from companies that were already fairly well known, even 20 years ago. Better yet, owners of those stocks earned those returns in spite of short-term problems like Fannie Mae's accounting issues and the effect that September 11 had on air travel. This goes to show that you don't have to buy the perfect companies to receive solid returns and build your wealth over time. What matters most is freeing up the cash to make those regular investments.

The two most important parts of getting to -- and past -- your first $1 million in investments are a bit of time and regular contributions of cash.

20 Timeless Money Rules

by Carla Fried

Provided by CNNMoney.com

Money Magazine collected the best advice from some of the smartest investors (and other people) who have ever lived.

1. Be humble

When you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it--this is knowledge.
--Confucius

Investing is a big bet on an unknowable future. The mark of wisdom is accepting just how unknowable it is. Granted, that's not easy. Our brains are built to think the future will be like the near past. And we're too ready to act on the predictions of pundits, who are no more clued in than we are about what lies ahead.

Being humble in the face of uncertainty keeps you from costly mistakes. You won't jump on yesterday's bandwagon. And before you invest, you'll be more likely to ask a key question: "What if I'm wrong?"

2. Take calculated risks

He that is overcautious will accomplish little.
--Friedrich von Schiller

The returns you get are proportionate to the risk you take. This is a fundamental law of the markets. It's why five-year CDs typically pay more than six-month ones and why you're disappointed if your emerging markets fund does no better than its stodgy blue-chip stablemate. History unequivocally supports this "no free lunch" principle. Going back to 1926, stocks (high risk) have paid more than government bonds (medium risk), which in turn have beaten low-risk Treasury bills.

Among many, many other things, this law suggests:

  • To earn returns high enough to build true wealth, you have to put some of your money in risky assets like stocks--the only investment to handily beat inflation over time.
  • If a financial salesperson tries to tell you his product offers a high return with no risk, get that claim in writing. Then send it and his business card to the SEC.
3. Have an emergency fund

For age and want, save while you may; no morning sun lasts a whole day.
--Benjamin Franklin

The first step in constructing any serious financial plan is to create an emergency cash fund--ideally, three to six months' living expenses--stashed in a low-cost ultrasafe bank account or money-market fund. Without this financial cushion, any unexpected expense can derail your long-term plans.

These days, happily, that emergency stash won't just sit idle. Top bank accounts like the one at UFB Direct (888-580-0049) and perennially competitive money funds like Vanguard Prime (800-851-4999) now pay more than 5%.

4. Mix it up

It is the part of a wise man to keep himself today for tomorrow and not to venture all his eggs in one basket.
--Miguel de Cervantes


Nothing can break the law of risk and reward, but a diversified portfolio can bend it. When you spread your money properly among different asset types, a rise in some will offset a fall in others, muting your overall risk without a commensurate drop in return. It's the closest thing to a free lunch there is in investing. To make the alchemy work, you must load up on assets whose up and down cycles don't run in sync: stocks (both U.S. and foreign, as well as large-company and small), bonds (of varying maturities), cash, real estate and commodities.

5. It's the portfolio, stupid

Asset allocation...is the overwhelmingly dominant contributor to total return.
--Gary Brinson, Brian Singer and Gilbert Beebower

Most investors concentrate on trying to choose the best stock and pick the perfect moment to buy or sell. It's a waste. What really matters to your long-term returns is asset allocation--that is, how you split up your portfolio.

Since researchers dropped this bombshell 20 years ago, experts have debated the size of the asset-allocation factor. Some say it accounts for 40% of the variation in investors' returns; others (like the original researchers) say 90%. But no one refutes that it's major.

6. Average is the new best

The best way to own common stocks is through an index fund.
--Warren Buffett

Here's the logic behind index funds, which aim simply to match the return of a market index: The average fund in any market will always earn that market's return (because in aggregate investors are the market) minus expenses. Since index funds match the market but have much smaller expenses than other funds, they will always beat the average fund in the long run. It's hard to argue with the math, and history bears it out (see the performance stat at right). Besides, if the Greatest Investor of Our Time believes that index funds are superior for most investors, shouldn't you?

7. Practice patience

It never was my thinking that made the big money for me. It was always my sitting. Got that? My sitting tight!
--Edwin Lefevre

This blunt warning was issued in Lefevre's 1923 fictional memoir, reportedly based on legendary trader Jesse Livermore and treated by many financial advisers like the Bible. Some 77 years later, behavioral finance professors Terrance Odean and Brad Barber's research into transactions by some 66,000 households between 1991 and 1996 found that those who traded least earned seven percentage points a year more than the most frequent traders. Moral: Once you arrange your assets into your ideal allocation, don't tinker. Rebalance once a year to keep your mix on track, but otherwise, listen to Livermore and sit tight.

8. Don't time the market

The real key to making money in stocks is not to get scared out of them.
--Peter Lynch

It would be so nice, wouldn't it, to sell before every market downdraft and then get back in just as the good times roll again. But it's too hard to pull off. Nobody knows when markets will turn (see Rule No. 1). And when they do, they tend to move in quick bursts. By the time you realize an advance has begun, most of it's over. Miss that initial stretch and you'll miss out on most of the gains. The lesson: The surest way to investing success is to buy, then stick to your guns.

9. Be a cheapskate


Performance comes and goes, but costs roll on forever.
--Jack Bogle

If you choose a fund that eats up 1.5% a year in expenses over one that costs 1% (let alone the 0.2% that index funds may charge), your fund's return will have to beat the other's by half a point a year just for you to come out even. Past returns are no guarantee of the future, but today's low-cost funds are likely to stay low cost. Buying them is the only sure way of giving yourself a leg up.

10. Don't follow the crowd

Fashion is made to become unfashionable.
--Coco Chanel

Or, as the legendary financier Sir James Goldsmith has said, "If you see a bandwagon, it's too late."

In the late 1990s, there was no more fashionable bandwagon for investors than Firsthand Technology Value fund. It returned 23.7% in 1998, but investors really piled into it after it rocketed an incredible 190.4% in 1999. But by then, the bust of 2000 was about to unfold, and Firsthand was soon to become as passé as plaid trousers. The result was a chilling example of the perils of following the herd: While the fund posted a respectable 16% annualized gain over the four years through 2001, the average shareholder in the fund actually lost more than 31.6% a year.

11. Buy low

If a business is worth a dollar and I can buy it for 40 cents, something good may happen to me.
--Warren Buffett

The best Dow stocks of the past 10 years don't include Microsoft or Intel. But Caterpillar (Cat) makes the cut with a 212% return. In 1997, in the midst of tech madness, the market was so bored by the company's industrial-machinery business that investors paid just $11.50 for each dollar of earnings. If the stock's current value of 16.1 times earnings is right, that's nearly a 30% discount. Smart investors didn't need to foresee the coming construction boom. They only needed to call a bargain a bargain and trust the market to eventually wise up.

12. Invest abroad

The World is a book, and those who do not travel read only a page.
--St. Augustine

Over the 10 years through 2006, a portfolio split 80%-20% between U.S. and international large-cap stocks would have returned an average 8.4% a year, roughly the same as a portfolio invested 100% in domestic stocks. But because U.S. and foreign markets partially offset one another's ups and downs, the global portfolio was 4% less risky than the all-American (see Rule No. 4). Most Americans have less money in foreign funds than the 15% to 25% experts recommend. But you don't have to be like most Americans.

13. Keep perspective

There is nothing new in the world except the history you do not know.
--Harry Truman

When the Dow sheds 300 points in a day, it's natural to feel doomed. And when the market surges, it's easy to be convinced that stocks have entered "a new paradigm," to echo a bubble-era phrase. Don't delude yourself. As Sir John Templeton notes, "The four most expensive words in the English language are, `This time it's different.' "

To keep your perspective, remember:

  • In every bull market since 1970, stocks have dropped by 10% or more at least once. Average time to get back to even: 107 days.
  • Over time, markets tend to stick close to their long-term trends, called "regression to the mean." Manias and panics never last.

14. Just do it

It takes as much energy to wish as it does to plan.
--Eleanor Roosevelt

Financial planning is an unnatural act. The brain is wired to make us undervalue long-term goals and exaggerate the cost of short-term sacrifice. Yet studies show that people who do even a little retirement planning had twice the savings of those who did almost none. Heed the words attributed to Mrs. Roosevelt by doing the following:

  • Set concrete, attainable goals. "I'll pay an extra $100 a month on my credit card" is more likely to succeed than "I'm going to get my act together."
  • Then commit. Tell someone your plan and agree to a penalty--you'll do your spouse's chores for a month if you haven't saved $10,000 extra by June.

15. Borrow responsibly

As life closes in on someone who has borrowed far too much money on the strength of far too little income, there are no fire escapes.
--John Kenneth Galbraith

Face this truth: If you let them, lenders are only too willing to advance you more than is good for your family. Mortgage banks and credit-card issuers don't care if your monthly payment makes it impossible for you to sock away money in your 401(k) or fund your kid's 529 plan. You need to set your own rules, including:

  • No credit-card debt. Period. It's never okay to pay 15% to borrow for consumption.
  • Borrow only to buy assets that appreciate. A home, yes. Education, sure. A vacation, a fancy dinner or even a 50-inch flat-screen TV? No way.

16. Talk to your spouse

In every house of marriage there's room for an interpreter.
--Stanley Kunitz

Your most important financial partner isn't your broker. It's your spouse--you know, the one who probably owns half of all you do and whose fate is inextricably linked with yours. But research shows that spouses often don't agree on even such basic info as their income and savings. Wake-up call: To make smart decisions, you need to talk, and if you're like most couples, to do a better job at it.

  • Men: Don't assume she doesn't care about this stuff. She does. But you need to lay off the jargon and speak English.
  • Women: Don't just leave it all to him. At a minimum, know where the key papers are and how your money is invested.
  • Both: Focus on goals, not on being right. It's not a contest.

17. Exit gracefully

Only put off until tomorrow what you are willing to die having left undone.
--Pablo Picasso

Despite the words he reportedly uttered, Picasso was willing to die without planning his estate. It took years for his heirs to reach a settlement with French authorities. Although you may not have masterpieces to bequeath, you have no excuse not to take elementary steps to make life easier on those you'd leave behind. Covering the basics shouldn't cost more than $1,500.

To find a lawyer, ask friends and colleagues for recommendations or get referrals online at the website of the American Academy of Estate Planning Attorneys. For tips on dividing emotion-laden personal belongings--more often the flash point for family tension than money or big-ticket items--check out the website Who Gets Grandma's Yellow Pie Plate?

18. Pay only your share

The avoidance of taxes is the only intellectual pursuit that carries any reward.
--John Maynard Keynes

It's all well and good to put time into choosing the right investments. But being conscious of taxes puts money in your pocket too (at least it keeps it from being taken from your pocket, which amounts to the same thing), and the payoff is swift, certain and there for the taking. So take full advantage of tax-deferred benefits at work, like 401(k)s and flexible spending accounts. Stick with tax-efficient investments like index funds. And claim every deduction you're entitled to. According to the Government Accountability Office, taxpayers who could itemize but chose not to ended up overpaying by $450. Don't be one of them.

19. Give wisely

The time is always right to do the right thing.
--Martin Luther King Jr.

Granted, Dr. King did not have money on his mind when he spoke these words. But they also ring true in your financial life, since giving back is always the right thing. Still, there are more right and less right ways to do it.

  • Look beyond the headlines. It's fine to give money to disasters like the tsunami, but don't forget about smaller charities that go wanting.
  • Don't give over the phone. Telemarketers often take a cut of 50% or more.
  • Focus. Identify a cause that really speaks to you. Then devote most of your energy and charitable dollars to the organizations that best support it.

20. Keep money in its place

A wise man should have money in his head, but not in his heart.
--Jonathan Swift

People who say they value money highly report that they are less happy in life than those who care more about love and friends. Enough said.



Copyrighted, CNNMoney. All Rights Reserved.

Why Bernanke’s Critics Have it All Wrong

by Jeremy Siegel, Ph.D.

The recent financial meltdown has brought a torrent of criticism onto our central bank officials. "Rookie Mistake," cried Bloomberg News. "Flawed Forecast," proclaimed The New York Times. "They're nuts! They know nothing!" screamed Jim Cramer on CNBC in a now-famous tirade that has received millions of hits on YouTube.

But if you look at the evidence, you will find that Ben Bernanke, chairman of the Fed, made the right moves at the right time. He skillfully balanced the forces that called for an immediate lowering of interest rates with those that warned that bailing out these sub-prime lenders would encourage financial irresponsibility in the future.

Under Bernanke's leadership, we will recover from this crisis, but the financial landscape will be permanently changed. The proliferation of "asset-backed" securities that spurred so much lending in the last few years will end. Plain vanilla bank loans and old-fashioned commercial paper backed by the general credit of the corporation will be back in vogue. And believe it or not, one of the biggest beneficiaries will be the stock market.

Path to a Crisis

We need to go back several years to understand the origin of today's crisis. In response to the recession, the terrorist attacks, and the collapse of the technology bubble, Alan Greenspan pushed short-term interest rates down to 1% in 2003, the lowest rate in more than 50 years, and kept them there for a year. Other countries, also experiencing economic slowdowns and falling inflation, lowered short-term rates dramatically.

As interest rates sank, lenders became hungry for higher yields and borrowers eyed a real opportunity. One way of making risky loans more attractive were backing the loans by "assets" such as account receivables, inventory, and especially real estate. Since home prices were soaring, many borrowers - including some rating agencies - felt there was little risk in these new mortgage-backed securities.

But they were wrong. There was substantial risk if the security was backed by real estate that was sold at an inflated price with no equity cushion.

The first problems with these "sub-prime mortgages" surfaced in February when several mortgage lenders, such as American Home Mortgage and New Century admitted a high delinquency rate. In July, more mortgage woes surfaced and the credit markets tightened.

Nevertheless, when the Fed met on August 8, it had no evidence that loan defaults were rising outside the housing industry or that the real economy was being hurt. Indeed, GDP growth in the second quarter was running at a healthy 4%. In its August policy statement, the Fed acknowledged the disturbances in the security markets by stating, "Financial markets have been volatile and credit conditions are tightening" and recognized that the "downside risks to the economy had increased."

Although some market observers were disappointed that the Fed did not go to a "neutral stance," by stating the economic weakness was as great a risk as inflation, most were pleased to see the Fed was aware of deteriorating credit conditions. In fact, the stock market ended the day at the same level reached before the 2:15 p.m. announcement. Had investors been disappointed in the statement, stocks would have certainly sold off.

Problems Spread Internationally

But more troubles soon surfaced. On the very next day, BNP Paribas, France's largest bank, barred withdrawals from three of its hedge funds that held subprime loans. All of a sudden the crisis took on international proportions. Investors was asking, "Who owned what, how much, and what was it really worth?"

At this point a worldwide panic spread through the commercial banking systems. The overnight lending rate rose as banks feared for the safety of their loans to other banks.

It was exactly this sort of crisis that the central banks were ready for and they acted accordingly. The European Central Bank (ECB) moved first by lending over $100 billion in the overnight market to push the rate bank back down to the official target. A few hours later, when the US markets opened, the Federal Reserve did the same thing.

Central banks can supply unlimited funds to banks by buying securities in the open market and crediting the selling banks with reserves. This increase in the supply of reserves pushes down the price of reserves in the overnight market (called the "Fed funds rate" in the US and the "overnight repo rate" in Europe) and enabled the ECB and Fed to achieve their targets.

Although these actions temporarily quieted the market, they weren't enough. The following week stocks went into a tailspin as rumors erupted that more hedge funds and buyout firms were encountering serious difficulties. From noon Wednesday to noon Thursday the Dow plunged almost 600 points before staging a late-day rally.

To stem the rout, early Friday morning, August 17, the Fed announced that it was lowering the discount rate from 6 ¼% to 5 ¾% and issued a statement acknowledging that the tightening of the credit markets tipped the risk in the economy towards economic weakness and away from inflation. With the Fed recognizing the seriousness of the situation and taking positive action, markets rallied.

Why Didn't the Fed Act Earlier?

But questions were immediately raised. Why didn't the Fed realize on August 8 that the markets were heading for trouble? One simple answer is that the spread of fear and panic is impossible to predict. On August 8, borrowers with good credit could get loans. But by August 17, even credit market for which there was no evidence of rising defaults began to seize up as lenders froze in fear.

Furthermore, had the Fed taken emergency action in the August 8 meeting, it would have been accused of "jumping the gun," and bailing out the greedy lenders, the investment banks, and the super-rich hedge funds. Indeed, some are criticizing the Fed for this in spite of its careful lending to only qualified borrowers.

Finally, it must be remembered that all central bankers must establish their anti-inflation credibility. Bernanke had been accused of harboring a philosophy that was too soft on inflation and too eager to flood the financial system with liquidity at the first sign of trouble. Jimmy Rogers, the inveterate commodity market booster, toured the world warning about "Helicopter Ben," a reference to a Bernanke speech in 2002 in which he indicated that if deflation was a threat the Fed could always rain money down on the public from helicopters to increase buying power.

The upshot is that to have shifted policy on August 7 would have been too early. But by August 17, the markets were sufficiently disrupted that action had to be taken. Although the Fed does not want to bail out any impaired asset where poor lending standards were responsible, they also did not want the interest rate on sound loans to rise and choke the economy.

Post Mortem

I think the Fed made the right moves at the right time. But the fallout from this crisis will be with us for a long time. Stocks are thought to be riskier than bonds and much riskier than mortgage bonds. Those that believed they could automatically make junk bonds safe by "backing" them with assets, be they homes or railroad cars, have been proven wrong. It turns out that the best credits are general obligation bonds based on all the firm's income and assets, not debts backed by dubious assets.

In the long run, all this is a good development for the stock market. In the last decade, more than one trillion dollars has migrated to hedge funds and untold billions to complicated debt and derivative securities. Who will buy those assets in the future? I believe quite a few investors will return to stocks and general obligation bonds - assets that they can buy and sell at any time they want.

Wall Street has rediscovered liquidity and transparency. Stocks and old-fashioned bonds have them; new-fangled collateralized debt obligations and hedge funds do not. A return to basics will be good for both the economy and the financial markets.

Four Tips for Riding a Seesaw Market

by Laura Rowley

My neck hurts. According to the Mayo Clinic's web site, whiplash occurs "when the head is jerked forward and back, stretching the soft tissues of the neck beyond their limits."

Lately, I find that an involuntary neck-snapping occurs every time I walk past a television, computer screen, or radio, and catch the latest stock market update.

This is typically followed by an ill-advised trip to the Internet to survey my investment accounts -- sagging like cheap hosiery bunched at the ankles. Who knew stocks and stockings could have so much in common?

If this market doesn't give you whiplash, stop reading. But if a 300-point drop in the Dow evokes the sensation of digesting bad oysters, here are a few tips to ease your market-induced stress.

Be True to Your Goals

Investing is about meeting life goals, so make sure your allocation reflects your aspirations.

I hate when people say that investing in the stock market is gambling. Money thrown on a blackjack table in Atlantic City can evaporate instantly (which, regrettably, I learned the hard way). But that's never happened with a reasonably diversified portfolio of stocks and bonds.

On the other hand, a diversified portfolio will swing in value, a natural reflection of the economic cycle. The investor's best defense is to develop a specific allocation strategy that's like Donald Trump's hairstyle -- highly individualistic and oblivious to passing fads.

"It's important to come up with an allocation to meet and achieve goals -- that's the biggest disconnect I see," says Michael Steiner, wealth manager with RegentAtlantic Capital in Chatham, N.J. "Clients will come in with a portfolio, and when I ask what the objective of the portfolio is, 99 percent say, 'To make money.' But what's the money for?"

Be Realistic

Financial goals need to be concrete, precise and measurable -- with real timeframes and credible numbers.

For instance, Steiner says, "If you want to retire at 62 and live on a $70,000 after-tax [income], then the portfolio should be constructed to meet that goal."

Nobel laureate Harry Markowitz demonstrated that the bulk of investment returns come from allocation -- the mix of investments -- rather than the choices made in each category. It's kind of like nutrition: You'll get fat if you eat more ice cream than vegetables. It doesn't matter whether it's Ben & Jerry's Chunky Monkey or Edy's Cookie Dough.

"That's the most basic investment decision most people will make -- how much you have in cash, bonds, and stocks," says Charles Farrell, of Northstar Investment Advisors in Denver. "Then, within the bond and stock categories, check to ensure that you're adequately diversified. People debate the appropriate amounts, and there's no correct answer, but what generally makes sense is to have a broadly diversified and balanced account." (Novice investors, see my blog for allocation how-to's.)

By contrast, if you're in the market with vague hopes of getting rich, you'll likely abandon ship when stocks decline -- which everyone knows is the ideal time to get in. "It's been proven time and time again: When there's doom and gloom, it's usually the best time to buy," says Steiner. "Emotionally, it's the hardest decision to make, even though fundamentally it makes sense."

Be Patient

Stocks are an excellent investment -- over time.

If you're unnerved by the latest market rout, it may be time to reconsider your risk tolerance. But first look at the timeframe of your investments.

"The more time you have -- for instance, until retirement -- the more you can tolerate the natural gyrations of the markets," says Michael Furois, president of The Planning Associates in Phoenix. Ariz. "When looking at your 401(k) or other investment account statements, you may have to remember this: The reduced value of your investments is only a temporary decline in price, not a permanent loss in value."

In its best year, the S&P 500 rose nearly 54 percent; in its worst year, it dropped about 43 percent, according to Ibbotson Research. Nobody knows what's going to happen in the future, but studies based on the past performance of the S&P 500 have found that since 1925, the chance of losing money over a year is 28 percent; over 5 years, 10 percent; over 10 years, 3 percent; and over 20 years, 0 percent.

"One good way to test your comfort level is to take a hypothetical market decline and apply it to the amount you have invested in the market," Farrell suggests. "For instance, if the market declines 20 percent, that will affect each one of us differently. If this is my first year as an investor and I have $5,000 in the market, my account might decline $1,000. Probably not a life-changing event. If I have $500,000 in the market and am age 50, I might see a decline of $100,000. Each investor has to honestly answer whether they're comfortable with that type of volatility."

From 2000 to 2002, investors experienced declines of 50 percent. Farrell points out: "Apply that number to the amount you have in equities and see how you feel. If you can stay committed during that type of cycle, and focus on the probability of long-term positive returns, then you're probably in the right place," he says. "If the potential decline in your account value concerns you, then you may be taking too much risk and it's probably time to consider some modifications."

In the meantime, also consider that from its low point in 2002, the Dow has risen about 6,000 points, or roughly 80 percent.

Be Introspective

Market volatility can be a reminder to reassess risk and rebalance.

If the market roller coaster is keeping you up at night, don't get down on yourself. You probably couldn't have predicted you would feel this way.

People make predictive errors for a variety of reasons, but one that's perhaps most germane here is something called "the hot/cold empathy gap." When people are in a "cold" or neutral emotional state, they often have trouble imagining how they would feel or what they would do if they were in a "hot" state -- angry, hungry, in pain, or, say, watching their E*Trade account plummet in value.

On the other hand, when we're experiencing a hot state, we have difficulty imagining that we'll cool off at some point (which is why, in the heat of the moment, it seems perfectly reasonable to sell all the stocks in your E*Trade portfolio and put the money under your mattress).

Meanwhile, studies on loss aversion have found investors tend to feel the pain of losses more than the joy of gains. "Investors generally make mistakes when they're reacting out of either fear or greed," says Farrell. "Having a balanced and diversified account generally helps combat the tendency to be driven by those two very powerful emotions."

Once you design an allocation strategy, rebalance it at least once a year to reflect the original mix. "Maybe you let those winners ride a little too long and weren't diligent about maintaining your allocation," says Steiner. "Maybe your 60-40 stock-to-bond ratios went to 50-50, and you felt too overconfident."

Get Help

If you're not sure how much risk to take, or whether your investments accurately reflect your life goals or appropriate timeframes, get some help. Many 401(k) providers have investment professionals available to talk to participants about their allocations. Or consider talking with a fee-only financial planner.

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