Famous Scams: The South Sea Bubble
The South Sea Bubble was one of the earliest British stock market bubbles. But it was more than just a bubble, like the dot com bubble of recent years -- it was an example of a scam of massive proportions, with the snouts of businessmen, management, and government firmly in the trough. The South Sea Company With the rise of British Imperial power in the early eighteenth century, the huge wealth generated by its vast overseas businesses was creating a growing wealthy middle class. But it was well nigh impossible for anyone new to invest directly in the companies controlling the trade. For example, the East India Company, which enjoyed a monopoly on trade with India, had fewer than 500 shareholders to whom its handsome (and tax-free) dividends were distributed. Enter the South Sea Company. Following the War of Spanish Succession, Britain was left with a national debt of around £10m (which was a considerable sum at the time). The South Sea Company was established in 1711 and raised capita...